用注解代替if-else

 

策略模式

用策略模式代替If-else,主要是定义统一行为（接口或抽象类），并实现不同策略下的处理逻辑（对应实现类）。客户端使用时自己选择相应的处理类。

以订单为基础类

@Data
public class Order {
    private String  source;
    private String payMethod;
    private String code;
    private BigDecimal amount;

    public Order(String source, String payMethod, String code, BigDecimal amount) {
        this.source = source;
        this.payMethod = payMethod;
        this.code = code;
        this.amount = amount;
    }

    public Order() {
    }
}

假如不同的订单来源，PC，移动端需要不同的处理逻辑。OrderService类处理时会用if-else对不同来源的订单做处理。

@Service
public class OrderService {

    public void orderService(Order order) {
        if(order.getSource().equals("pc")){
            // 处理pc端订单的逻辑
        }else if(order.getSource().equals("mobile")){
            // 处理移动端订单的逻辑
        }else {
            // 其他逻辑
        }
    }
}

下面图解下吧

假如我们只针对不同来源的（pc,mobile）的订单，使用不同的处理器来处理。

随着业务扩展，我们可能需要手机微信支付，手机支付宝支付，PC微信支付，PC支付宝支付，这时我们只需要扩展OrderHandlerType注解接口即可

例如PcOrderHandler使用@OrderHandlerType时需要声明source=" ",payMethod=" "

 定义注解类型

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Service
public @interface OrderHandlerType {
    String source();
    String payMethod();
}

 定义OrderHandler接口

public interface OrderHandler {
    void handle(Order order);
}

定义PC，手机不同处理器实现类

@OrderHandlerType(source = "pc",payMethod = "支付宝")
public class PcOrderHandler implements OrderHandler {
    private Order o;
    @Override
    public void handle(Order order) {
        System.out.println("pc端 支付宝方式 处理器 开始了");
    }

    public Order getO() {
        return o;
    }

    public void setO(Order o) {
        this.o = o;
    }


}
@OrderHandlerType(source = "mobile",payMethod = "支付宝")
public class MobileOrderHandler implements OrderHandler {
    @Override
    public void handle(Order order) {
        System.out.println("mobile 处理器 开始了");
    }
}

定义OrderService

注入Map，用来存不同订单来源和不同支付方式的不同处器处理，Key：订单处理类型，Value:不同处理器处理

@Service
public class OrderService {
    private Map<String,OrderHandler> orderHandlerMap;
    private Map<OrderHandlerType,OrderHandler> orderHandlerMap2;

    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext context;

    //注入Map容器，Key为订单来源，Value为订单处理器
    @Autowired
    public void setOrderHandlerMap(List<OrderHandler> orderHandlers){
        //注入各种类型的订单处理类
//        orderHandlerMap=orderHandlers.stream().collect(
//                Collectors.toMap(orderHandler -> AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(orderHandler.getClass(),OrderHandlerType.class).source(),v->v,(v1,v2)->v1));
        orderHandlerMap = context.getBeansOfType(OrderHandler.class);
    }
    public void orderService(Order order){
        OrderHandler orderHandler = orderHandlerMap.get(order.getSource());
        orderHandler.handle(order);

    }
    //扩展功能：pc微信支付，pc支付宝支付，手机微信支付，手机支付宝支付
    //注入Map容器，Key为订单处理类型，Value为订单处理器
    @Autowired
    public void setOrderHandlerMap2(List<OrderHandler> orderHandlers){
        orderHandlerMap2=orderHandlers.stream().collect(
                Collectors.toMap(orderHandler -> AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(orderHandler.getClass(),OrderHandlerType.class),v->v,(v1,v2)->v1));
    }
    public void orderService2(Order order){
        OrderHandlerTypeImpl orderHandlerType = new OrderHandlerTypeImpl(order.getSource(), order.getPayMethod());
        OrderHandler orderHandler = orderHandlerMap2.get(orderHandlerType);
        orderHandler.handle(order);
    }
}

测试一下吧

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes=IfelseApplication.class)
public class TestOrder {
    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;


    @Test
    public void test1(){
       List<OrderHandler> orderHandlers=new ArrayList<>();
        Order order = new Order("pc", "微信", "001", new BigDecimal(4000));
        PcOrderHandler pcOrderHandler = new PcOrderHandler();
        pcOrderHandler.setO(order);
        orderHandlers.add(pcOrderHandler);
        orderService.setOrderHandlerMap(orderHandlers);
        orderService.orderService(order);
    }

    @Test
    public void test2(){
        List<OrderHandler> orderHandlers=new ArrayList<>();
        Order order = new Order("pc", "支付宝", "002", new BigDecimal(8000));
        PcOrderHandler pcOrderHandler = new PcOrderHandler();
        pcOrderHandler.setO(order);
        orderHandlers.add(pcOrderHandler);
        orderService.setOrderHandlerMap2(orderHandlers);
        orderService.orderService2(order);
    }
}

2020-11-25 10:52:28.298  INFO 20700 --- [           main] com.springboot.ifelse.TestOrder          : Starting TestOrder using Java 1.8.0_202 on admin with PID 20700 (started by admin in D:\Projects\ifelse)
2020-11-25 10:52:28.312  INFO 20700 --- [           main] com.springboot.ifelse.TestOrder          : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2020-11-25 10:52:29.631  INFO 20700 --- [           main] com.springboot.ifelse.TestOrder          : Started TestOrder in 2.05 seconds (JVM running for 3.924)

pc端 支付宝方式 处理器 开始了