mysql 出现You can't specify target table for update in FROM cl

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mysql出现You can’t specify target table for update in FROM clause 这个错误的意思是不能在同一个sql语句中，先select同一个表的某些值，然后再update这个表。


例如：message表保存了多个用户的消息

创建表

CREATE TABLE `message` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `uid` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL, `content` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `addtime` datetime NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `uid` (`uid`), KEY `addtime` (`addtime`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
  
  
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插入数据

insert into message(uid,content,addtime) values(1,'content1','2016-09-26 00:00:01'),(2,'content2','2016-09-26 00:00:02'),(3,'content3','2016-09-26 00:00:03'),(1,'content4','2016-09-26 00:00:04'),(3,'content5','2016-09-26 00:00:05'),(2,'content6','2016-09-26 00:00:06'),(2,'content7','2016-09-26 00:00:07'),(4,'content8','2016-09-26 00:00:08'),(4,'content9','2016-09-26 00:00:09'),(1,'content10','2016-09-26 00:00:10');
  
  
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表结构及数据如下：

mysql> select * from message;+----+-----+-----------+---------------------+| id | uid | content   | addtime             |+----+-----+-----------+---------------------+|  1 |   1 | content1  | 2016-09-26 00:00:01 ||  2 |   2 | content2  | 2016-09-26 00:00:02 ||  3 |   3 | content3  | 2016-09-26 00:00:03 ||  4 |   1 | content4  | 2016-09-26 00:00:04 ||  5 |   3 | content5  | 2016-09-26 00:00:05 ||  6 |   2 | content6  | 2016-09-26 00:00:06 ||  7 |   2 | content7  | 2016-09-26 00:00:07 ||  8 |   4 | content8  | 2016-09-26 00:00:08 ||  9 |   4 | content9  | 2016-09-26 00:00:09 || 10 |   1 | content10 | 2016-09-26 00:00:10 |+----+-----+-----------+---------------------+10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  
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然后执行将每个用户第一条消息的内容更新为Hello World

mysql> update message set content='Hello World' where id in(select min(id) from message group by uid);ERROR 1093 (HY000): You can't specify target table 'message' for update in FROM clause
  
  
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因为在同一个sql语句中，先select出message表中每个用户消息的最小id值，然后再更新message表，因此会出现 ERROR 1093 (HY000): You can’t specify target table ‘message’ for update in FROM clause 这个错误。


解决方法：select的结果再通过一个中间表select多一次，就可以避免这个错误

update message set content='Hello World' where id in( select min_id from ( select min(id) as min_id from message group by uid) as a );
  
  
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执行：

mysql> update message set content='Hello World' where id in( select min_id from ( select min(id) as min_id from message group by uid) as a );Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0mysql> select * from message;+----+-----+-------------+---------------------+| id | uid | content     | addtime             |+----+-----+-------------+---------------------+|  1 |   1 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:01 ||  2 |   2 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:02 ||  3 |   3 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:03 ||  4 |   1 | content4    | 2016-09-26 00:00:04 ||  5 |   3 | content5    | 2016-09-26 00:00:05 ||  6 |   2 | content6    | 2016-09-26 00:00:06 ||  7 |   2 | content7    | 2016-09-26 00:00:07 ||  8 |   4 | Hello World | 2016-09-26 00:00:08 ||  9 |   4 | content9    | 2016-09-26 00:00:09 || 10 |   1 | content10   | 2016-09-26 00:00:10 |+----+-----+-------------+---------------------+10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  
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注意，只有mysql会有这个问题，mssql与oracle都没有这个问题。

           

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