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ajax跨域访问,可以使用jsonp方法或设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin实现,关于设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin实现跨域访问可以参考之前我写的文章《ajax 设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin实现跨域访问》
1.ajax跨域访问,cookie丢失
首先创建两个测试域名
a.fdipzone.com 作为客户端域名
b.fdipzone.com 作为服务端域名
测试代码
setcookie.php 用于设置服务端cookie
<?phpsetcookie('data', time(), time()+3600);?>
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server.php 用于被客户端请求
<?php$name = isset($_POST['name'])? $_POST['name'] : '';$ret = array( 'success' => true, 'name' => $name, 'cookie' => isset($_COOKIE['data'])? $_COOKIE['data'] : '');// 指定允许其他域名访问header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://a.fdipzone.com');// 响应类型header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST'); // 响应头设置header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type');header('content-type:application/json');echo json_encode($ret);?>
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test.html 客户端请求页面
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script> <title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ $.ajax({ url: 'http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php', // 跨域 dataType: 'json', type: 'post', data: {'name':'fdipzone'}, success:function(ret){ if(ret['success']==true){ alert('cookie:' + ret['cookie']); } } }); }) </script> </body></html>
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首先先执行http://b.fdipzone.com/setcookie.php, 创建服务端cookie。
然后执行http://a.fdipzone.com/test.html
输出
{"success":true,"name":"fdipzone","cookie":""}
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获取cookie失败。
2.解决方法
客户端
请求时将withCredentials属性设置为true
使可以指定某个请求应该发送凭据。如果服务器接收带凭据的请求,会用下面的HTTP头部来响应。
服务端
设置header
header("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true");
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允许请求带有验证信息
test.html 修改如下
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script> <title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ $.ajax({ url: 'http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php', // 跨域 xhrFields:{withCredentials: true}, // 发送凭据 dataType: 'json', type: 'post', data: {'name':'fdipzone'}, success:function(ret){ if(ret['success']==true){ alert('cookie:' + ret['cookie']); } } }); }) </script> </body></html>
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server.php 修改如下
<?php$name = isset($_POST['name'])? $_POST['name'] : '';$ret = array( 'success' => true, 'name' => $name, 'cookie' => isset($_COOKIE['data'])? $_COOKIE['data'] : '');// 指定允许其他域名访问header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://a.fdipzone.com');// 响应类型header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST'); // 响应头设置header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type');// 是否允许请求带有验证信息header('Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true');header('content-type:application/json');echo json_encode($ret);?>
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按之前步骤执行,请求返回
{"success":true,"name":"fdipzone","cookie":"1484558863"}
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获取cookie成功
3.注意事项
1.如果客户端设置了withCredentials属性设置为true,而服务端没有设置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true,请求时会返回错误。
XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php. Credentials flag is 'true', but the 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' header is ''. It must be 'true' to allow credentials. Origin 'http://a.fdipzone.com' is therefore not allowed access.
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2.服务端header设置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true后,Access-Control-Allow-Origin不可以设为*,必须设置为一个域名,否则回返回错误。
XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php. A wildcard '*' cannot be used in the 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header when the credentials flag is true. Origin 'http://a.fdipzone.com' is therefore not allowed access. The credentials mode of an XMLHttpRequest is controlled by the withCredentials attribute.
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