BGP基础实验
题目及IP划分
配置各个路由的接口IP及环回
R1
[R1]int loop0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]int G0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
R2
[R2]int loop0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
[R2-LoopBack0]int G0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int G0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.1 24
R3
[R3]int loop0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 24
[R3-LoopBack0]int G0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int G0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
R4
[R4]int loop0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
[R4-LoopBack0]int G0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int G0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.1.1.1 24
R5
[R5]int loop0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24
[R5-LoopBack0]q
[R5]int loop1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 99.1.1.1 24
[R5-LoopBack0]int G0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int G0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 45.1.1.2 24
配置OSPF
R2
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
R3
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
R4
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
建立BGP
R1—R2建立直连的BGP关系(EBGP)
R1
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
R2
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
R2,R3建立IBGP
R2
[R2]bgp 2
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 2
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0 (在与3.3.3.3环回建邻的时候源地址改为本地)
R3
[R3]bgp 2
[R3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 2
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
R2,R4建立IBGP
R2
[R2]bgp 2
[R2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2
[R2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
R4
[R4]bgp 2
[R4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 2
[R4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
R3,R4建立IBGP
R3
[R3]bgp 2
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
R4
[R4]bgp 2
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 2
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
查看R2BGP表
查看R3BGP表
查看R4BGP表
R4,R5建立EBGP
建立邻居的条件: 首先编写R4和R5之间的静态路由
R4
[R4]ip route-static 5.5.5.0 24 45.1.1.2
[R4]ip route-static 5.5.5.0 24 54.1.1.2
R5
[R5]ip route-static 4.4.4.0 24 54.1.1.1
[R5]ip route-static 4.4.4.0 24 45.1.1.1
建立BGP
R4
[R4]bgp 2
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 3
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 ebgp-max-hop (这里也可以写2也可以不写,默认的是255)
R5
[R5]bgp 3
[R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
查看R4的路由情况
这里R4已经和R5建立邻居关系
宣告路由
R1
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]network 1.1.1.0 24
这时候的R3和R4的选路不优
在R2更改对R3,R4的下一跳
R2
[R2]bgp 2
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local
查看R3R4路由
这时候R5也能够学到R1
R5
[R5]bgp 3
[R5-bgp]network 99.1.1.0 24
这时候R4上选路已将优了,R2R3还未优,R1上在R2对R5优了之后才学到R5
在R4更改对R2,R3的下一跳
R4
[R4]bgp 2
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
[R4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local
这时候R1学到R5且优,R2R3优
测试
R2、R3、R4宣告路由
R2
[R2]bgp 2
[R2-bgp]network 2.2.2.0 24
R3
[R3]bgp 2
[R3-bgp]network 3.3.3.0 24
R4
[R4]bgp 2
[R4-bgp]network 4.4.4.0 24
查看R2、R3、R4的路由表
注: 在R5上出现一个问题,就是R5对R4的环回不是优,原因是R5不但有一条到4.4.4.0的静态路由还用这条静态路由来建邻了所以出现了一个逻辑悖论
这时候的所有环回互通