CentOS6安装Python3

1、下载python3.5

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.3/Python-3.5.3.tgz

2、安全前准备

• 创建安装目录

mkdir /application

• 安装编译器

yum install -y gcc

• 安装pip依赖

yum install -y openssl-devel 
# 如果不装此依赖，make install会出现"Ignoring ensurepip failure: pip 9.0.1 requires SSL/TLS"异常，pip则没有安装，但python可以用，不过对后面安装python的依赖模块有影响。

• 防止交互模式下方向键、退格键等出现乱码的问题

yum install readline-devel -y

• 支持sqlite3模块

# 1. 需先编译sqlite3
wget http://www.sqlite.org/sqlite-amalgamation-3.6.20.tar.gz
tar -xf  sqlite-amalgamation-3.6.20.tar.gz
cd  sqlite-3.6.20
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/lib/sqlite3
make
make install  (这样，sqlite3编译完成）
# 2.在Python安装包内的setup.py文件的sqlite_inc_paths数组中添加如下行：
'/usr/local/lib/sqlite3/include',

3、解压、安装

tar -zxv -f Python-3.5.3.tgz
cd Python-3.5.3
./configure --prefix=/application/python3.5
make && make install

4、备份原有python2命令执行文件

mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/pythonbak

5、创建python3软连接

ln -s /application/python3.5/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python

6、查看python版本

python -V

7、修改yum的Python解释器

sed -i s/python/python2.6/ /usr/bin/yum
# yum目前用python2写成，因此不支持python3的语法

8、tab补全模块

cat >/application/python3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/tab.py<<EOF
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
import readline
import rlcompleter
import atexit
import os
# tab completion
readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete')
# history file
histfile = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'],'.pythonhistory')
try:
    readline.read_history_file(histfile)
except IOError:
    pass
atexit.register(readline.write_history_file, histfile)
del os, histfile, readline, rlcompleter
EOF

9、配置环境变量

echo 'export PY_HOME=/application/python3.5' >> /etc/profile
echo 'export PATH=${PY_HOME}/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
echo 'export PYTHONSTARTUP=/application/python3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/tab.py' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile