Java设计模式 -- 观察者模式(push方式)

观察者模式定义了对象之间的一对多依赖，这样一来，当一个对象改变状态时，它的所有依赖者都会收到通知并自动更新。

当两个对象之间松耦合，他们依然可以交互，但是不太清楚彼此的细节。观察者模式提供了一种对象设计让主题和观察者之间松耦合。

我们来看看一种push方式的 观察者模式。

首先是观察者 主题 等的接口。

//主题 public interface Subject { public void registerObserver(Observer o); public void removeObserver(Observer o); public void notifyObservers(); } //观察者 public interface Observer { public void update(float temp, float humidity, float pressure); } //other 操作 public interface DisplayElement { public void display(); }

实现这些接口。

//实现主题 public class WeatherData implements Subject{ private ArrayList observers; private float temperature; private float humidity; private float pressure; public WeatherData() { observers = new ArrayList(); } public void notifyObservers() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub for(int i=0, len=observers.size(); i < len; i++) { Observer observer = (Observer) observers.get(i); observer.update(temperature, humidity, pressure ); } } public void registerObserver(Observer o) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub observers.add(o); } public void removeObserver(Observer o) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub int i = observers.indexOf(o); if(i >= 0) { observers.remove(i); } } public void measurementsChange() { notifyObservers(); } public void setMeasurements(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure) { this.temperature = temperature; this.humidity = humidity; this.pressure = pressure; measurementsChange(); } } //实现观察者 public class CurrentConditionsDisplay implements Observer, DisplayElement{ private float temperature; private float humidity; private Subject weatherData; public CurrentConditionsDisplay(Subject weatherData) { this.weatherData = weatherData; weatherData.registerObserver(this); } public void update(float temp, float humidity, float pressure) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub this.temperature = temp; this.humidity = humidity; display(); } public void display() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("Current conditions: "+ temperature + "F degrees and " + humidity + "% humidity"); } }

实现完了这些接口，测试观察者模式

public class WeatherStation { public static void main(String[] args) { WeatherData weatherData = new WeatherData(); CurrentConditionsDisplay display = new CurrentConditionsDisplay(weatherData); weatherData.setMeasurements(80, 65, 30.4f); weatherData.setMeasurements(82, 76, 30.2f); weatherData.setMeasurements(78, 90, 29.4f); } }