数组 list拷贝

一、目的

学习一下jdk中对于数组和list的拷贝（list扩容时需要）。

二、数组拷贝

1.使用System.arraycopy方法。

 public static void copyArray(){
    int[] a = new int[10];
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        a[i] = i + 1;
    }
    int b[] = new int[10];
    System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, 5);
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        System.out.print(b[i] + "\t");
    }
}

运行结果如下：

2.使用Arrays.copyOf方法

 public static void copyArray(){
    int[] a = new int[10];
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        a[i] = i + 1;
    }
    int b[] = new int[10];
    b = Arrays.copyOf(a, 5);
    for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
        System.out.print(b[i] + "\t");
    }
}

运行结果如下：

注意事项：

• Arrays.copy(int[] original, int newLength)本身也只是调用了System.arraycopy(Object src, int srcPos,Object dest, int destPos, int length)。只是使用Arrays.copy(int[] original, int newLength)方法比较简单，只需传入源数组和长度即可。
• Arrays.copy(int[] original, int newLength)拷贝的数组长度取决于newLength，这一点需要注意。查看源码可以知道，创建的数组长度即为newLength，然后将此数组赋值给目标对象。
• Arrays.copy(int[] original, int newLength)拷贝的数组实际的内容最多为源数组的全部内容，其他为默认值。

源码如下：

Arrays.copy

/**
 * Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with zeros (if necessary)
 * so the copy has the specified length.  For all indices that are
 * valid in both the original array and the copy, the two arrays will
 * contain identical values.  For any indices that are valid in the
 * copy but not the original, the copy will contain <tt>0</tt>.
 * Such indices will exist if and only if the specified length
 * is greater than that of the original array.
 *
 * @param original the array to be copied
 * @param newLength the length of the copy to be returned
 * @return a copy of the original array, truncated or padded with zeros
 *     to obtain the specified length
 * @throws NegativeArraySizeException if <tt>newLength</tt> is negative
 * @throws NullPointerException if <tt>original</tt> is null
 * @since 1.6
 */
public static int[] copyOf(int[] original, int newLength) {
    int[] copy = new int[newLength];
    System.arraycopy(original, 0, copy, 0,
                     Math.min(original.length, newLength));
    return copy;
}

System.arraycope

/*
 * @param      src      the source array.
 * @param      srcPos   starting position in the source array.
 * @param      dest     the destination array.
 * @param      destPos  starting position in the destination data.
 * @param      length   the number of array elements to be copied.
 * @exception  IndexOutOfBoundsException  if copying would cause
 *               access of data outside array bounds.
 * @exception  ArrayStoreException  if an element in the <code>src</code>
 *               array could not be stored into the <code>dest</code> array
 *               because of a type mismatch.
 * @exception  NullPointerException if either <code>src</code> or
 *               <code>dest</code> is <code>null</code>.
 */
public static native void arraycopy(Object src,  int  srcPos,
                                    Object dest, int destPos,
                                    int length);

此方法是本地方法。

三、list拷贝

1.使用Collections.copy方法。

public static void copyList(){
    List<String> sList = new ArrayList<>();
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        sList.add("list" + i);
    }
    List<String> dList = new ArrayList<>(sList);
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        dList.add(null);
    }
    Collections.copy(dList, sList);
    for (int i = 0; i < dList.size(); i++) {
        System.out.print(dList.get(i) + "\t");
    }
}

注意事项：

• 使用此方法，目标list长度不能小于源list长度，否则会报错。
• 此方法应该是浅拷贝。

源码：

/**
     * Copies all of the elements from one list into another.  After the
     * operation, the index of each copied element in the destination list
     * will be identical to its index in the source list.  The destination
     * list must be at least as long as the source list.  If it is longer, the
     * remaining elements in the destination list are unaffected. <p>
     *
     * This method runs in linear time.
     *
     * @param  <T> the class of the objects in the lists
     * @param  dest The destination list.
     * @param  src The source list.
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the destination list is too small
     *         to contain the entire source List.
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the destination list's
     *         list-iterator does not support the <tt>set</tt> operation.
     */
    public static <T> void copy(List<? super T> dest, List<? extends T> src) {
        int srcSize = src.size();
        if (srcSize > dest.size())
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Source does not fit in dest");

        if (srcSize < COPY_THRESHOLD ||
            (src instanceof RandomAccess && dest instanceof RandomAccess)) {
            for (int i=0; i<srcSize; i++)
                dest.set(i, src.get(i));
        } else {
            ListIterator<? super T> di=dest.listIterator();
            ListIterator<? extends T> si=src.listIterator();
            for (int i=0; i<srcSize; i++) {
                di.next();
                di.set(si.next());
            }
        }
    }

2.使用构造方法拷贝。
源码：

/**
     * Copies all of the elements from one list into another.  After the
     * operation, the index of each copied element in the destination list
     * will be identical to its index in the source list.  The destination
     * list must be at least as long as the source list.  If it is longer, the
     * remaining elements in the destination list are unaffected. <p>
     *
     * This method runs in linear time.
     *
     * @param  <T> the class of the objects in the lists
     * @param  dest The destination list.
     * @param  src The source list.
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the destination list is too small
     *         to contain the entire source List.
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the destination list's
     *         list-iterator does not support the <tt>set</tt> operation.
     */
    public static <T> void copy(List<? super T> dest, List<? extends T> src) {
        int srcSize = src.size();
        if (srcSize > dest.size())
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Source does not fit in dest");

        if (srcSize < COPY_THRESHOLD ||
            (src instanceof RandomAccess && dest instanceof RandomAccess)) {
            for (int i=0; i<srcSize; i++)
                dest.set(i, src.get(i));
        } else {
            ListIterator<? super T> di=dest.listIterator();
            ListIterator<? extends T> si=src.listIterator();
            for (int i=0; i<srcSize; i++) {
                di.next();
                di.set(si.next());
            }
        }
    }