反射常用API

记录一下经常使用的反射API

构建一个实体类

package com.hsh.maoduo;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class Student {

    private int id;

    public Student() {
    }
    public Student(Integer id, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String name;

    private void study() {
        System.out.println("学习中。。。");
    }

    public void play() {
        System.out.println(name + "正在玩");
    }
}

获取反射类（Class对象）

		//指定类的类型获取反射对象
        Class clazz = Student.class;

        //根据对象获取反射对象
        Class clazz2 = new Student().getClass();

        //根据类的引用路径获取反射对象，找不到该类时
        try {
            Class clazz3 = Class.forName("com.hsh.maoduo.Student");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

获取方法

 		//获取本类以及父类或者父接口中所有的公共方法(public修饰符修饰的)c
        Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods();
        //获取本类中的所有方法，包括私有的(private、protected、默认以及public)的方法
        Method[] declaredMethods = clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
        //获取本类以及父类或者父接口中指定的方法(public修饰符修饰的)
        try {
            Method play = clazz.getMethod("play");
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        //获取本类中指定的方法（可以是 private、protected、默认以及public 修饰）
        try {
            Method study = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("study");
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

获取字段

		//获取类的所有公共属性（public修饰符修饰的）
        Field[] fields = clazz.getFields();
        //获取类的所有属性（可以是 private、protected、默认以及public 修饰）
        Field[] declaredFields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
        //允许操作私有属性,一般搭配getDeclaredField()和getDeclaredFields()使用
        Arrays.stream(declaredFields ).forEach(v->v.setAccessible(true));
        //获取类的指定属性（可以是 private、protected、默认以及public 修饰）
        try {
            Field field = clazz.getField("name");
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        //获取类的指公共属性（public修饰符修饰的）
        try {
            Field declaredField　= clazz.getDeclaredField("id");
            //允许操作私有属性,一般搭配getDeclaredField()和getDeclaredFields()使用
            declaredField.setAccessible(true);
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

获取反射类对象

		//通过 Class 对象的 newInstance() 方法，结果相当于 new Student()
        try {
            Student student = (Student) clazz.newInstance();
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        //获得该类的无参构造器，通过构造器的newInstance()方法获取对象，结果相当于 new Student()
        try {
            Constructor constructor = clazz.getConstructor();
            Student student = (Student) constructor.newInstance();
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        //获取指定的该类的有参构造器，通过构造器的newInstance()方法获取对象，相当于 new Student(1,"张三")
        try {
            Constructor constructor = clazz.getConstructor(Integer.class, String.class);
            Student student = (Student) constructor.newInstance(1,"张三");
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }