动态调用WebService的两种方法(多线程)

               在.net中,可以添加Web 引用来添加WebService,但是这种方法的缺陷是当WebService内的方法一变动,引用的系统这边就必须更新引用,重新编译,再发布,是不是很麻烦?也未可预知?

               那么就使用动态调用WebService吧!

第1种,具体步骤:

1. 从目标 URL 下载 WSDL 数据。
2. 使用 ServiceDescription 创建和格式化 WSDL 文档文件。
3. 使用 ServiceDescriptionImporter 创建客户端代理类。
4. 使用 CodeDom 动态创建客户端代理类程序集。
5. 利用反射调用相关 WebService 方法。


代码如下:

/// <summary>
    /// 在.Net环境 下,最常用的方法就是采用代理类来调用WebService,可以通过改变代理类的Url属性来实现动态调用,
    /// 但当xmlns改变时就会出错,似乎要重新 绑定Webservice并重新编译后才能再次运行。
    /// 此法子是一种动态编译并动态调用WebService的方式,这种方法效率低,而且需要有较高 的权限,否则编译失败。
    /// 此法子的缺陷。。。。。都是泪啊。。。多线程下运行第二次就报错:无法从命名空间“****”导入绑定“SyncToContractDataCenterSoap”
    /// </summary>
    public class WebServiceHelper2
    {
        #region InvokeWebService
        //动态调用web服务
        public  object InvokeWebService(string url, string methodname, object[] args)
        {
            return InvokeWebService(url, null, methodname, args);
        }

        public  object InvokeWebService(string url, string classname, string methodname, object[] args)
        {
            string @namespace = "TransactionDataSync.Common";
            if ((classname == null) || (classname == ""))
            {
                classname = GetWsClassName(url);
            }

            try
            {
                //获取WSDL
                WebClient wc = new WebClient();
                Stream stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?wsdl");
                ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream);
                ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter();
                sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", "");
                CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace);

                //生成客户端代理类代码
                CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit();
                ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn);
                sdi.Import(cn, ccu);
              //  CSharpCodeProvider csc = new CSharpCodeProvider();
             //   ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler();
                CodeDomProvider provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp");

                //设定编译参数
                CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters();
                cplist.GenerateExecutable = false;
                cplist.GenerateInMemory = true;
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll");
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll");
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll");
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll");

                //编译代理类 
                CompilerResults cr = provider.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
            //    CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
                if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors)
                {
                    System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
                    foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors)
                    {
                        sb.Append(ce.ToString());
                        sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine);
                    }
                    throw new Exception(sb.ToString());
                }

                //生成代理实例,并调用方法
                System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly;
                Type t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + "." + classname, true, true);
                object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname);

                return mi.Invoke(obj, args);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Logger.Error(string.Format("{0} {1} {2} {3}", url, methodname, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace));
                throw new Exception(ex.InnerException.Message, new Exception(ex.InnerException.StackTrace));
            }
        }

        public  object CreateWebServiceInstance(string url, string packageName, out Type t)
        {
            return CreateWebServiceInstance(url, null,packageName, out t);
        }

        public  object CreateWebServiceInstance(string url, string classname,string packageName,out Type t)
        {
            string @namespace = "TransactionDataSync.Common."+packageName;
            if ((classname == null) || (classname == ""))
            {
                classname = GetWsClassName(url);
            }
            Stream stream = null;
            try
            {
                //获取WSDL
                WebClient wc = new WebClient();
                stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?WSDL");
 
                ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream);
                ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter();
                sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", "");
                CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace);

                

                //生成客户端代理类代码
                CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit();
                ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn);
                sdi.Import(cn, ccu);
                //  CSharpCodeProvider csc = new CSharpCodeProvider();
                //   ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler();
                CodeDomProvider provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp");

                //设定编译参数
                CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters();
                cplist.GenerateExecutable = false;
                cplist.GenerateInMemory = true;
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll");
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll");
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll");
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll");

                //编译代理类 
                CompilerResults cr = provider.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
                //    CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
                if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors)
                {
                    System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
                    foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors)
                    {
                        sb.Append(ce.ToString());
                        sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine);
                    }
                    throw new Exception(sb.ToString());
                }

                

                //生成代理实例
                System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly;
                t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + "." + classname, true, true);
              
                object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                return obj;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Logger.Error(string.Format("{0} {1} {2}", url, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace));

                if(stream!=null)
                {
                    stream.Close();
                    stream.Dispose();
                }
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        public  object InvokeMethod(object obj, Type t, string methodname, object[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname);

                return mi.Invoke(obj, args);
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                Logger.Error(string.Format("{0} {1} {2}", methodname, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace));
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        private  string GetWsClassName(string wsUrl)
        {
            string[] parts = wsUrl.Split('/');
            string[] pps = parts[parts.Length - 1].Split('.');

            return pps[0];
        }
        #endregion

调用时的代码:

  object instance = WebServiceHelper2.CreateWebServiceInstance(addr.Url,name, out t);

 DataSet dsContract = WebServiceHelper2.InvokeMethod(instance, t, "GetContractData", new object[]{authorizationCode}) as DataSet;
                


缺陷:

    1. 每次调用WebService,都需要动态创建客户端代理类程序集,然后利用反射去调用方法,每次都这样啊,是不是很耗性能?特别是后台服务中调WebService,1小时运行一次,是不是很无语。。。。
    2. 正常情况下,调一个WebService是不成问题的,可是在多线程下,每个线程调一个WebService(都是不同URL的WebService),只有在编译后调第一遍是正常的,再调就报错啊,无法从命名空间“****”导入绑定“SyncToContractDataCenterSoap”,或者是调用目标异常,坑爹啊  
               第2种动态调用的法子:利用WebRequest/WebResponse进行WebService调用的类

                动态调用的类如下:
       
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace TransactionDataSync.Common
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 利用WebRequest/WebResponse进行WebService调用的类
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// 作成者:cyf
    /// </remarks>
    public class WebServiceCaller
    {
         //缓存xmlNamespace,避免重复调用GetNamespace
        private static Hashtable XML_NAMESPACE = new Hashtable();

        /// <summary>
        /// 通过SOAP协议动态调用webservice 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url"> webservice地址</param>
        /// <param name="methodName"> 调用方法名</param>
        /// <param name="pars"> 参数表</param>
        /// <returns> 结果集xml</returns>
        public static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars)
        {
            if (XML_NAMESPACE.ContainsKey(url))
            {   // 名字空间在缓存中存在时,读取缓存,然后执行调用
                return QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars, XML_NAMESPACE[url].ToString());
            }
            else
            {
                // 名字空间不存在时直接从wsdl的请求中读取名字空间,然后执行调用
                return QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars, GetNamespace(url));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 通过SOAP协议动态调用webservice  
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url"> webservice地址</param>
        /// <param name="methodName"> 调用方法名</param>
        /// <param name="pars"> 参数表</param>
        /// <param name="xmlNs"> 名字空间</param>
        /// <returns> 结果集</returns>
        private static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars, string xmlNs)
        {   
            XML_NAMESPACE[url] = xmlNs;//加入缓存,提高效率
            // 获取请求对象
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
            // 设置请求head
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";
            request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "\"" + xmlNs + (xmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + methodName + "\"");
            // 设置请求身份
            SetWebRequest(request);
            // 获取soap协议
            byte[] data = EncodeParsToSoap(pars, xmlNs, methodName);
            // 将soap协议写入请求
            WriteRequestData(request, data);
            XmlDocument returnDoc = new XmlDocument();
            XmlDocument returnValueDoc = new XmlDocument();
            // 读取服务端响应
            returnDoc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());

            XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(returnDoc.NameTable);
            mgr.AddNamespace("soap", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
            // 返回结果
            string RetXml= returnDoc.SelectSingleNode("//soap:Body/*/*", mgr).InnerXml;

            returnValueDoc.LoadXml("<root>" + RetXml + "</root>");
            AddDelaration(returnValueDoc);

          /*  System.Data.DataSet ds = new System.Data.DataSet();
            XmlNodeReader reader = new XmlNodeReader(returnValueDoc);
            ds.ReadXml(reader);*/

           // return returnValueDoc.OuterXml;

            return returnValueDoc;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取wsdl中的名字空间
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url"> wsdl地址</param>
        /// <returns> 名字空间</returns>
        private static string GetNamespace(String url)
        {
            // 创建wsdl请求对象,并从中读取名字空间
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url + "?WSDL");
            SetWebRequest(request);
            WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd());
            sr.Close();
            return doc.SelectSingleNode("//@targetNamespace").Value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 加入soapheader节点
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="doc"> soap文档</param>
        private static void InitSoapHeader(XmlDocument doc)
        {
            // 添加soapheader节点
            XmlElement soapHeader = doc.CreateElement("soap", "Header", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
            //XmlElement soapId = doc.CreateElement("userid");
            //soapId.InnerText = ID;
            //XmlElement soapPwd = doc.CreateElement("userpwd");
            //soapPwd.InnerText = PWD;
            //soapHeader.AppendChild(soapId);
            //soapHeader.AppendChild(soapPwd);
            doc.ChildNodes[0].AppendChild(soapHeader);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将以字节数组的形式返回soap协议
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pars"> 参数表</param>
        /// <param name="xmlNs"> 名字空间</param>
        /// <param name="methodName"> 方法名</param>
        /// <returns> 字节数组</returns>
        private static byte[] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable pars, String xmlNs, String methodName)
        {
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            // 构建soap文档
            doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"></soap:Envelope>");

            // 加入soapbody节点
            InitSoapHeader(doc);

            // 创建soapbody节点
            XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement("soap", "Body", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
            // 根据要调用的方法创建一个方法节点
            XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(methodName);
            soapMethod.SetAttribute("xmlns", xmlNs);
            // 遍历参数表中的参数键
            foreach (string key in pars.Keys)
            {
                // 根据参数表中的键值对,生成一个参数节点,并加入方法节点内
                XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(key);
                soapPar.InnerXml = ObjectToSoapXml(pars[key]);
                soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar);
            }

            // soapbody节点中加入方法节点
            soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod);

            // soap文档中加入soapbody节点
            doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody);

            // 添加声明
            AddDelaration(doc);

            // 传入的参数有DataSet类型,必须在序列化后的XML中的diffgr:diffgram/NewDataSet节点加xmlns='' 否则无法取到每行的记录。
            XmlNode node = doc.DocumentElement.SelectSingleNode("//NewDataSet");   
            if (node != null)
            {
                XmlAttribute attr = doc.CreateAttribute("xmlns");
                attr.InnerText = "";
                node.Attributes.Append(attr);
            }
            // 以字节数组的形式返回soap文档
            return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将参数对象中的内容取出
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="o">参数值对象</param>
        /// <returns>字符型值对象</returns>
        private static string ObjectToSoapXml(object o)
        {
            XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            mySerializer.Serialize(ms, o);
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));
            if (doc.DocumentElement != null)
            {
                return doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml;
            }
            else
            {
                return o.ToString();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置请求身份
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="request"> 请求</param>
        private static void SetWebRequest(HttpWebRequest request)
        {
            request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
            //request.Timeout = 10000;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将soap协议写入请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="request"> 请求</param>
        /// <param name="data"> soap协议</param>
        private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request, byte[] data)
        {
            request.ContentLength = data.Length;
            Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream();
            writer.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
            writer.Close();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将响应对象读取为xml对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="response"> 响应对象</param>
        /// <returns> xml对象</returns>
        private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response)
        {
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
            String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd();
            sr.Close();
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml(retXml);
            return doc;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 给xml文档添加声明
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="doc"> xml文档</param>
        private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc)
        {
            XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null);
            doc.InsertBefore(decl, doc.DocumentElement);
        }


        public static String QuerySoapWebServiceString(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars)
        {
            XmlDocument doc = QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars);
            return doc.InnerText;
        }

        public static DataSet QuerySoapWebServiceDataSet(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars)
        {
            XmlDocument doc = QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars);
            System.Data.DataSet ds = new System.Data.DataSet();
            using (XmlNodeReader reader = new XmlNodeReader(doc))
            {
                ds.ReadXml(reader);
            }
            return ds;
        }
    }
}

使用时的调用如下:
 Hashtable htParms = new Hashtable();
                htParms.Add("authorizationCode", authCode);
                DataSet dsComm = WebServiceCaller.QuerySoapWebServiceDataSet(url, "GetReceivedCommissionData", htParms);

或者
 DataSet dsSelected = new DataSet();
            dsSelected.Tables.Add(dtSelected);  //需要返回给业务系统的数据集,表示哪些数据已收集

            Hashtable htParms = new Hashtable();
            htParms.Add("authorizationCode", addr.AuthorizationCode);
            htParms.Add("dsData", dtSelected);
 string result = WebServiceCaller.QuerySoapWebServiceString(url, methodName, htParms);//传入的参数是一个String类型和一个DataSet类型

动态调用时用的是Soap协议的方式来请求的,而不是Http Post,因为当WebService中的方法传入参数中有DataSet类型,将无法用Http Post方式请求,只能用Soap。

在多线程中,同时调多个WebService,此种方法不会报错。因此我选择了它。。。。

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