一:简介
Stream中有两个个方法collect和collectingAndThen用于对流中的数据进行处理,可以对流中的数据进行聚合操作,如:
将流中的数据转成集合类型: toList、toSet、toMap、toCollection
将流中的数据(字符串)使用分隔符拼接在一起:joining
对流中的数据求最大值maxBy、最小值minBy、求和summingInt、求平均值averagingDouble
对流中的数据进行映射处理 mapping
对流中的数据分组:groupingBy、partitioningBy
对流中的数据累计计算:reducing
<R, A> R collect(Collector<? super T, A, R> collector);
// collectingAndThen : 将流中的数据通过Collector计算,最终的结果在通过Function再最终处理一下
public static<T,A,R,RR> Collector<T,A,RR> collectingAndThen(Collector<T,A,R> downstream,
Function<R,RR> finisher);
Collectors
public final class Collectors {
// 转换成集合
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, List<T>> toList();
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Set<T>> toSet();
public static <T, K, U> Collector<T, ?, Map<K,U>> toMap(Function<? super T, ? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T, ? extends U> valueMapper);
public static <T, C extends Collection<T>> Collector<T, ?, C> toCollection(Supplier<C> collectionFactory);
// 拼接字符串,有多个重载方法
public static Collector<CharSequence, ?, String> joining(CharSequence delimiter);
public static Collector<CharSequence, ?, String> joining(CharSequence delimiter,
CharSequence prefix,
CharSequence suffix);
// 最大值、最小值、求和、平均值
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Optional<T>> maxBy(Comparator<? super T> comparator);
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Optional<T>> minBy(Comparator<? super T> comparator);
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Integer> summingInt(ToIntFunction<? super T> mapper);
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Double> averagingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<? super T> mapper);
// 分组:可以分成true和false两组,也可以根据字段分成多组
public static <T, K> Collector<T, ?, Map<K, List<T>>> groupingBy(Function<? super T, ? extends K> classifier);
// 只能分成true和false两组
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Map<Boolean, List<T>>> partitioningBy(Predicate<? super T> predicate);
// 映射
public static <T, U, A, R> Collector<T, ?, R> mapping(Function<? super T, ? extends U> mapper,
Collector<? super U, A, R> downstream);
public static <T, U> Collector<T, ?, U> reducing(U identity,
Function<? super T, ? extends U> mapper,
BinaryOperator<U> op);
}
二:示例
流转换成集合
@Test
public void testToCollection(){
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3);
// [10, 20, 30]
List<Integer> collect = list.stream().map(i -> i * 10).collect(Collectors.toList());
// [20, 10, 30]
Set<Integer> collect1 = list.stream().map(i -> i * 10).collect(Collectors.toSet());
// {key1=value:10, key2=value:20, key3=value:30}
Map<String, String> collect2 = list.stream().map(i -> i * 10).collect(Collectors.toMap(key -> "key" + key/10, value -> "value:" + value));
// [1, 3, 4]
TreeSet<Integer> collect3= Stream.of(1, 3, 4).collect(Collectors.toCollection(TreeSet::new));
}
@Data
@ToString
@AllArgsConstructor
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class User {
private Long id;
private String username;
}
@Test
public void testToMap() {
List<User> userList = Arrays.asList(
new User(1L, "mengday"),
new User(2L, "mengdee"),
new User(3L, "mengdy")
);
// toMap 可用于将List转为Map,便于通过key快速查找到某个value
Map<Long, User> userIdAndModelMap = userList.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(User::getId, Function.identity()));
User user = userIdAndModelMap.get(1L);
// User(id=1, username=mengday)
System.out.println(user);
Map<Long, String> userIdAndUsernameMap = userList.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(User::getId, User::getUsername));
String username = userIdAndUsernameMap.get(1L);
// mengday
System.out.println(username);
}
集合元素拼接
@Test
public void testJoining(){
// a,b,c
List<String> list2 = Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c");
String result = list2.stream().collect(Collectors.joining(","));
// Collectors.joining(",")的结果是:a,b,c 然后再将结果 x + "d"操作, 最终返回a,b,cd
String str= Stream.of("a", "b", "c").collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(Collectors.joining(","), x -> x + "d"));
}
元素聚合
@Test
public void test(){
// 求最值 3
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3);
Integer maxValue = list.stream().collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(Collectors.maxBy((a, b) -> a - b), Optional::get));
// 最小值 1
Integer minValue = list.stream().collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(Collectors.minBy((a, b) -> a - b), Optional::get));
// 求和 6
Integer sumValue = list.stream().collect(Collectors.summingInt(item -> item));
// 平均值 2.0
Double avg = list.stream().collect(Collectors.averagingDouble(x -> x));
}
@Test
public void test(){
// 映射:先对集合中的元素进行映射,然后再对映射的结果使用Collectors操作
// A,B,C
Stream.of("a", "b", "c").collect(Collectors.mapping(x -> x.toUpperCase(), Collectors.joining(",")));
}
分组
public class User {
private Long id;
private String username;
private Integer type;
// Getter & Setter & toString
}
@Test
public void testGroupBy(){
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);
// 奇偶数分组:奇数分一组,偶数分一组
// groupingBy(Function<? super T, ? extends K> classifier) 参数是Function类型,Function返回值可以是要分组的条件,也可以是要分组的字段
// 返回的结果是Map,其中key的数据类型为Function体中计算类型,value是List<T>类型,为分组的结果
Map<Boolean, List<Integer>> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(item -> item % 2 == 0));
// {false=[1, 3, 5, 7, 9], true=[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]}
System.out.println(result);
// partitioningBy 用于分成两组的情况
Map<Boolean, List<Integer>> twoPartiton = list.stream().collect(Collectors.partitioningBy(item -> item % 2 == 0));
System.out.println(twoPartiton);
User user = new User(1L, "zhangsan", 1);
User user2 = new User(2L, "lisi", 2);
User user3 = new User(3L, "wangwu", 3);
User user4 = new User(4L, "fengliu", 1);
List<User> users = Arrays.asList(user, user2, user3, user4);
// 根据某个字段进行分组
Map<Integer, List<User>> userGroup = users.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(item -> item.type));
/**
* key 为要分组的字段
* value 分组的结果
* {
* 1=[User{id=1, username='zhangsan', type=1}, User{id=4, username='fengliu', type=1}],
* 2=[User{id=2, username='lisi', type=2}],
* 3=[User{id=3, username='wangwu', type=3}]
* }
*/
System.out.println(userGroup);
}
累计操作
@Test
public void testReducing(){
// sum: 是每次累计计算的结果,b是Function的结果
System.out.println(Stream.of(1, 3, 4).collect(Collectors.reducing(0, x -> x + 1, (sum, b) -> {
System.out.println(sum + "-" + b);
return sum + b;
})));
// 下面代码是对reducing函数功能实现的描述,用于理解reducing的功能
int sum = 0;
List<Integer> list3 = Arrays.asList(1, 3, 4);
for (Integer item : list3) {
int b = item + 1;
System.out.println(sum + "-" + b);
sum = sum + b;
}
System.out.println(sum);
// 注意reducing可以用于更复杂的累计计算,加减乘除或者更复杂的操作
// result = 2 * 4 * 5 = 40
System.out.println(Stream.of(1, 3, 4).collect(Collectors.reducing(1, x -> x + 1, (result, b) -> {
System.out.println(result + "-" + b);
return result * b;
})));
}
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作者:vbirdbest
来源:CSDN
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/vbirdbest/article/details/80216713
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,转载请附上博文链接!