http://www.cnblogs.com/luxiaoxun/archive/2012/09/04/2670202.html
C语言字符串库函数的实现也是笔试题常考的题目,以下代码没有严格测试,只是简单的实现:
//字符串长度
int strlen(const char *str)
{
assert(str != NULL);
int len = 0;
while (*str ++ != '\0')
++ len;
return len;
}
//字符串拷贝
char *strcpy(char *to, const char *from)
{
assert((to != NULL) && (from != NULL));
char * result = to;
while( (*to++ = *from++) != '\0')
NULL;
return result;
}
//strncpy(),如果from指向的字符个数少于count,则用'\0'补齐
char *strncpy(char *to, const char *from, size_t count)
{
assert((to != NULL) && (from != NULL));
char * result = to;
while(count--)
{
if(*from != '\0')
{
*to++ = *from++;
}
else
{
*to++ = '\0';
}
}
return result;
}
//memcpy(), 拷贝不重叠的内存块
void* memcpy(void* to, const void* from, size_t count)
{
assert((to != NULL) && (from != NULL));
void * result = to;
char * pto = (char *)to;
char * pfrom = (char *)from;
assert(pto < pfrom || pto > pfrom + count -1);
while(count--)
{
*pto++ = *pfrom++;
}
return result;
}
//memmove(), 拷贝重叠或者是不重叠的内存块
void* memmove(void* to, const void* from, size_t count)
{
assert((to != NULL) && (from != NULL));
void * result = to;
char * pto = (char *)to;
char * pfrom = (char *)from;
//to与from没有重叠
if(pto < pfrom || pto > pfrom + count -1)
{
while(count--)
{
*pto++ = *pfrom++;
}
}
//to与from有重叠,从后向前move
else
{
pto = pto + count -1;
pfrom = pfrom + count -1;
while(count--)
{
*pto-- = *pfrom--;
}
}
return result;
}
//memset():把指定内存区域的前count个字节设置成字符c
void * memset(void* buffer, int c, size_t count)
{
assert(buffer != NULL);
char * p = (char *)buffer;
while(count--)
*p++ = (char)c;
return buffer;
}
//查找字符串s中首次出现字符c的位置
char *strchr(char *str, int c)
{
assert(str != NULL);
for (; *str != (char)c; ++ str)
if (*str == '\0')
return NULL;
return str;
}
//字符串比较
int strcmp(const char *s, const char *t)
{
assert(s != NULL && t != NULL);
while (*s && *t && *s == *t)
{
++ s;
++ t;
}
return (*s - *t);
}
int strncmp(const char *s, const char *t, unsigned int count)
{
assert((s != NULL) && (t != NULL));
while (*s && *t && *s == *t && count --)
{
++ s;
++ t;
}
return (*s - *t);
}
//字符串连接
char *strcat(char *strDes, const char *strSrc)
{
assert((strDes != NULL) && (strSrc != NULL));
char *address = strDes;
while (*strDes != '\0')
++ strDes;
while ((*strDes ++ = *strSrc ++) != '\0')
NULL;
return address;
}
char *strncat(char *strDes, const char *strSrc, unsigned int count)
{
assert((strDes != NULL) && (strSrc != NULL));
char *address = strDes;
while (*strDes != '\0')
++ strDes;
while (count -- && *strSrc != '\0' )
*strDes ++ = *strSrc ++;
*strDes = '/0';
return address;
}
//查找字符串第一次出现的位置
char *strstr(const char *strSrc, const char *str)
{
assert(strSrc != NULL && str != NULL);
const char *s = strSrc;
const char *t = str;
for (; *strSrc != '\0'; ++ strSrc)
{
for (s = strSrc, t = str; *t != '\0' && *s == *t; ++s, ++t)
NULL;
if (*t == '\0')
return (char *) strSrc;
}
return NULL;
}
//将字符串拷贝到新的位置
char *strdup_(char *strSrc)
{
if(strSrc!=NULL)
{
char *start=strSrc;
int len=0;
while(*strSrc++!='\0')
len++;
char *address=(char *)malloc(len+1);
assert(address != NULL);
while((*address++=*start++)!='\0');
return address-(len+1);
}
return NULL;
}
标准库的实现:
char * __cdecl strcat (char * dst,const char * src)
{
char * cp = dst;
while( *cp )
cp++; /* find end of dst */
while( *cp++ = *src++ ) ; /* Copy src to end of dst */
return( dst ); /* return dst */
}
int __cdecl strcmp (const char * src,const char * dst)
{
int ret = 0 ;
while( ! (ret = *(unsigned char *)src - *(unsigned char *)dst) && *dst)
++src, ++dst;
if ( ret < 0 )
ret = -1 ;
else if ( ret > 0 )
ret = 1 ;
return( ret );
}
size_t __cdecl strlen (const char * str)
{
const char *eos = str;
while( *eos++ ) ;
return( (int)(eos - str - 1) );
}
char * __cdecl strncat (char * front,const char * back,size_t count)
{
char *start = front;
while (*front++)
;
front--;
while (count--)
if (!(*front++ = *back++))
return(start);
*front = '\0';
return(start);
}
int __cdecl strncmp (const char * first,const char * last,size_t count)
{
if (!count)
return(0);
while (--count && *first && *first == *last)
{
first++;
last++;
}
return( *(unsigned char *)first - *(unsigned char *)last );
}
/* Copy SRC to DEST. */
char * strcpy (char * dest,const char* src)
{
reg_char c;
char *__unbounded s = (char *__unbounded) CHECK_BOUNDS_LOW (src);
const ptrdiff_t off = CHECK_BOUNDS_LOW (dest) - s - 1;
size_t n;
do
{
c = *s++;
s[off] = c;
}
while (c != '\0');
n = s - src;
(void) CHECK_BOUNDS_HIGH (src + n);
(void) CHECK_BOUNDS_HIGH (dest + n);
return dest;
}
char * __cdecl strncpy (char * dest,const char * source,size_t count)
{
char *start = dest;
while (count && (*dest++ = *source++)) /* copy string */
count--;
if (count) /* pad out with zeroes */
while (--count)
*dest++ = '\0';
return(start);
}