python 多进程 —— multiprocessing.Process

由于Python是跨平台的，自然也应该提供一个跨平台的多进程支持。

multiprocessing模块就是跨平台版本的多进程模块。

multiprocessing模块提供了一个Process类来代表一个进程对象。

创建子进程时，只需要传入一个执行函数和函数的参数，创建一个Process实例

start()方法启动，这样创建进程比fork()还要简单。

join()方法可以等待子进程结束后再继续往下运行，通常用于进程间的同步。

使用 join()

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from multiprocessing import Process
import os
import time


def run_proc(name):
    time.sleep(10)
    print('Run child process %s (%s)...' % (name, os.getpid()))


def hello_world():
    # time.sleep(5)
    time.sleep(20)
    print('hello world!')
    print('Run child process (%s)...' % (os.getpid()))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print ('Parent process %s.' % os.getpid())
    p1 = Process(target=run_proc, args=('test',))
    p2 = Process(target=hello_world)
    print 'Process will start.'
    p1.start()
    p2.start()
    p1.join()
    print('Process end.')
 
 

 
 
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输出：

Parent process 11860.
Process will start.
Run child process test (11232)...
Process end.
hello world!
Run child process (2288)...

Process finished with exit code 0
 
 

 
 
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---

子进程的开始时间

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from multiprocessing import Process
import os
import time


def run_proc(name):
    print(time.time())

    time.sleep(10)
    print('Run child process %s (%s)...' % (name, os.getpid()))


def hello_world():
    print(time.time())

    # time.sleep(5)
    time.sleep(20)
    print('hello world!')
    print('Run child process (%s)...' % (os.getpid()))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print ('Parent process %s.' % os.getpid())
    p1 = Process(target=run_proc, args=('test',))
    p2 = Process(target=hello_world)
    print 'Process will start.'
    p1.start()
    p2.start()
    p1.join()
    print('Process end.')
 
 

 
 
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输出：

Parent process 7220.
Process will start.
1496374096.56
1496374096.56
Run child process test (2196)...
Process end.
hello world!
Run child process (832)...

Process finished with exit code 0
 
 

 
 
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可以认为 子进程 p1 与 子进程 p2 同时开始

---

去掉 join(),使用 map

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from multiprocessing import Process
import os
import time


def run_proc(name):
    print(time.time())

    time.sleep(10)
    print('Run child process %s (%s)...' % (name, os.getpid()))


def hello_world():
    print(time.time())

    # time.sleep(5)
    time.sleep(20)
    print('hello world!')
    print('Run child process (%s)...' % (os.getpid()))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print ('Parent process %s.' % os.getpid())
    p1 = Process(target=run_proc, args=('test',))
    p2 = Process(target=hello_world)
    print 'Process will start.'
    # p1.start()
    # p2.start()
    # p1.join()
    p_list = (p1, p2)
    map(Process.start, p_list)
    print('Process end.')
 
 

 
 
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输出：

Parent process 8580.
Process will start.
Process end.
1496374397.24
1496374397.24
Run child process test (7148)...
hello world!
Run child process (8348)...

Process finished with exit code 0
 
 

 
 
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