新版Android Studio的RecyclerView三种布局方式

效果图： 

1、数据类：Fruit

class Fruit(val name:String,val imageId:Int)

2、RecyclerAdapter适配器：FruitAdapter

class FruitAdapter(activity:Activity, private val resourceId:Int, data:List<Fruit>) : ArrayAdapter<Fruit>(activity,resourceId,data){
    override fun getView(position: Int, convertView: View?, parent: ViewGroup): View {
        val view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(resourceId,parent,false)
        val fruitImage:ImageView = view.findViewById(R.id.image_view)
        val fruitName:TextView = view.findViewById(R.id.text_view)
        val fruit = getItem(position)
        if(fruit != null){
           fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.imageId)
           fruitName.text=fruit.name
        }
        return view
    }
}

3、list_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="60dp">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/image_view"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_view"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        />

</LinearLayout>

4、main_activity.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

5、主界面：MainActivity

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    private val fruitList = ArrayList<Fruit>()
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        val binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
        setContentView(binding.root)
        initFruits()
        val adapter = FruitAdapter(this,R.layout.list_item,fruitList)
        binding.listview.adapter = adapter

    }

    private fun initFruits() {
        repeat(2){
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Apple",R.drawable.apple_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Banana",R.drawable.banana_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Cherry",R.drawable.cherry_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Grape",R.drawable.grape_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Mango",R.drawable.mango_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Orange",R.drawable.orange_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Pear",R.drawable.pear_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Pineapple",R.drawable.pineapple_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Strawberry",R.drawable.strawberry_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Watermelon",R.drawable.watermelon_pic))
        }
    }
}

想要横向布局：

list_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="80dp"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/image_view"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_view"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        />

</LinearLayout>

 MainActivity

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    private val fruitList = ArrayList<Fruit>()
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        val binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
        setContentView(binding.root)
        initFruits()
        val layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this)
        layoutManager.orientation = LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL
        binding.recyclerView.layoutManager = layoutManager
        val adapter = FruitAdapter(fruitList)
        binding.recyclerView.adapter = adapter

    }

    private fun initFruits() {
        repeat(2){
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Apple",R.drawable.apple_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Banana",R.drawable.banana_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Cherry",R.drawable.cherry_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Grape",R.drawable.grape_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Mango",R.drawable.mango_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Orange",R.drawable.orange_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Pear",R.drawable.pear_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Pineapple",R.drawable.pineapple_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Strawberry",R.drawable.strawberry_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit("Watermelon",R.drawable.watermelon_pic))
        }
    }
}

瀑布流布局效果： 

 

改变list_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="5dp"
    >

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/image_view"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_view"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        />

</LinearLayout>

 MainActivity

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    private val fruitList = ArrayList<Fruit>()
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        val binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
        setContentView(binding.root)
        initFruits()
        val layoutManager = StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL)
        binding.recyclerView.layoutManager = layoutManager
        val adapter = FruitAdapter(fruitList)
        binding.recyclerView.adapter = adapter

    }

    private fun initFruits() {
        repeat(2){
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Apple"),R.drawable.apple_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Banana"),R.drawable.banana_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Cherry"),R.drawable.cherry_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Grape"),R.drawable.grape_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Mango"),R.drawable.mango_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Orange"),R.drawable.orange_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Pear"),R.drawable.pear_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Pineapple"),R.drawable.pineapple_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Strawberry"),R.drawable.strawberry_pic))
            fruitList.add(Fruit(getRandomLengthString("Watermelon"),R.drawable.watermelon_pic))
        }
    }

    private fun getRandomLengthString(str:String):String {
        val n = (0..20).random()
        val build = StringBuilder()
        repeat(n){
            build.append(str)
        }
        return build.toString()
    }
}