C++文件及文件夹操作整理（代码示例）

一 文件

1.1 使用C++标准库中的IO库（fstream）读写文件

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	char szData[200] = "123456 test";
	fstream fFile;
	fFile.open("test.txt", ios::app | ios::out | ios::in);
	/****************将数据写入文件-begin***************/
	fFile << szData;
	/****************将数据写入文件-end***************/

	/*************** 将数据从文件中读取出来-begin******************/
	fFile.seekg(0, ios::end);
	int iSize = fFile.tellg(); //计算出文件大小
	fFile.seekg(ios::beg); //从文件最前面开始读取
	fFile >> noskipws; //设置读取空格、回车
	std::string strDataOut;
	for (int i = 0; i < iSize/*!afile.eof()*/; i++)
	{
		char c;
		fFile >> c;
		strDataOut.push_back(c);
	}

	cout << strDataOut.c_str();
	/*************** 将数据从文件中读取出来-end******************/
	fFile.close();
	return 0;
}

 

1.2 使用windows API读写文件

#include <windows.h>
#include <string>

int main()
{
	std::string strFileName = "test.txt";
    /*************************写文件-begin******************************/
	std::string strData = "123456 test";
    DWORD dwReturn;
	HANDLE hFileWrite = CreateFileA(strFileName.c_str(), GENERIC_WRITE,  FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
	if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != hFileWrite)
	{
		WriteFile(hFileWrite, strData.c_str(), strData.length(), &dwReturn, NULL);
		CloseHandle(hFileWrite);
	}
	/*************************写文件-end******************************/

	/*************************读文件-begin******************************/
	DWORD bytesRead = 0;
	char szBuffer[1024] = { 0 };
	HANDLE hFileRead = CreateFileA(strFileName.c_str(), GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
	if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != hFileRead)
	{
		ReadFile(hFileRead, szBuffer, 1024/*static_cast<DWORD>(length)*/, &bytesRead, NULL);
		CloseHandle(hFileRead);
	}
	/*************************读文件-end******************************/
	
	return 0;
}

 

1.3 linux读写文件

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
	std::string strPath = "test.txt";
	/*************************写文件-begin******************************/
	int iFileWrite = ::open(strPath.c_str(), O_TRUNC | O_APPEND | O_CREAT | O_RDWR, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IROTH | S_IWOTH);
	if ( -1 == iFileWrite)
	{
		return 0;
	}
	std::string strBuffer = "Test Data";
	int n = write(iFileWrite, strBuffer.c_str(), strBuffer.length());
	::close(iFileWrite);
	/*************************写文件-end******************************/

	/*************************读文件-begin******************************/
	char szBuffer[1024] = { 0 };
	int iFileRead = ::open(strPath.c_str(), O_RDONLY, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IROTH | S_IWOTH);
	if (-1 == iFileRead)
	{
		return 0;
	}
	read(iFileRead, szBuffer, 1024);
	std::cout << szBuffer;
	::close(iFileRead);
	/*************************读文件-end******************************/
	return 0;
}

 

二 文件夹

1.1 Windows

1. 创建文件夹

#include <direct.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <io.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	string folderPath = "E:\\Test\\Dir";
	if (0 != access(folderPath.c_str(), 0))
	{
		int iRst = mkdir(folderPath.c_str());   // 需要迭代创建，即创建子文件夹时父文件夹必须存在
	}

	return 0;
}

 

2. 遍历文件夹

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <io.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <atlstr.h>
using namespace std;

//获取文件夹下所有文件名及文件夹总大小
DWORD TraversalFolder(string strPath, vector<string>& files)
{
	DWORD dwRtn = 0;
	long hFolder = 0;                                     //文件句柄
	struct _finddata_t fileinfo;                         //文件信息
	string strFileName = "";

	if ((hFolder = _findfirst(strFileName.assign(strPath).append("\\*").c_str(), &fileinfo)) != -1)
	{
		do
		{
			DWORD dwSize = 0;
			//如果是目录,迭代之;如果不是,加入列表
			if ((fileinfo.attrib &  _A_SUBDIR))
			{
				if (strcmp(fileinfo.name, ".") != 0 && strcmp(fileinfo.name, "..") != 0)
				{
					dwSize = TraversalFolder(strFileName.assign(strPath).append("\\").append(fileinfo.name), files);
				}
			}
			else
			{
				files.push_back(strFileName.assign(strPath).append("\\").append(fileinfo.name));
				dwSize = fileinfo.size;
			}
			dwRtn += dwSize;
		} while (0 == _findnext(hFolder, &fileinfo));

		_findclose(hFolder);
	}
	return dwRtn;
}

int main()
{
	char * filePath = "E:/test";
	DWORD dwFolderSize;
	vector<string> files;
	dwFolderSize = TraversalFolder(filePath, files);//获取文件夹下所有文件名及文件夹总大小
	system("pause");
}

 

1.2 Linux

1. 创建文件夹

#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main()
{
	std::string strParh = "Test111";
	int isCreate = ::mkdir(strParh.c_str(), S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IXUSR | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);// // 需要迭代创建，即创建子文件夹时父文件夹必须存在
	if (0 == isCreate)
	{
		std::cout << "mkdir succeeded";
	}
	else
	{
		std::cout << "mkdir failed";
	}

	return 0;
}

 

2. 遍历文件夹

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<dirent.h>

void TraversalFolder(const char *filedir)
{
	struct stat dirstat;
	if (stat(filedir, &dirstat) == -1)
	{
		printf("cant access to %s", filedir);
		exit(1);
	}

	if (dirstat.st_mode & S_IFDIR)
	{
		struct dirent *entry;
		DIR * dir;
		dir = opendir(filedir);
		printf("%s\n", filedir);
		while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
		{
			if (!strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(entry->d_name, ".."))continue;
			char src[255];
			strcpy(src, filedir);
			strcat(src, "/");
			chdir(strcat(src, entry->d_name));
			TraversalFolder(src);
			chdir(filedir);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		printf("--%s\n", filedir);
	}

}
int main(int argc, char *args[])
{
	if (argc != 2)
	{
		printf("param error");
	}
	TraversalFolder(args[1]);
	return 0;
}