PyQt5——嵌套布局和QSplitter

嵌套布局

在布局中添加其他布局

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QWidget,QHBoxLayout,QVBoxLayout,QGridLayout,QFormLayout,QPushButton

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("嵌套布局示例")

        # 全局布局 水平
        wlayout = QHBoxLayout()

        #局部布局
        hlayout = QHBoxLayout()
        vlayout = QVBoxLayout()
        glayout = QGridLayout()
        formlayout = QFormLayout()

        # 为局部布局添加控件
        hlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(1)))
        hlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(2)))
        vlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(3)))
        vlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(4)))
        glayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(5)),0,0)
        glayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(6)),0,1)
        glayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(7)),1,0)
        glayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(8)),1,1)
        formlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(9)))
        formlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(10)))
        formlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(11)))
        formlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(12)))

        # 四个控件
        hwg = QWidget()
        vwg = QWidget()
        gwg = QWidget()
        fwg = QWidget()

        # 使用四个控件进行设备局部布局
        hwg.setLayout(hlayout)
        vwg.setLayout(vlayout)
        gwg.setLayout(glayout)
        fwg.setLayout(formlayout)
        # 添加到全局布局
        wlayout.addWidget(hwg)
        wlayout.addWidget(vwg)
        wlayout.addWidget(gwg)
        wlayout.addWidget(fwg)

        # 将窗口本身设置为全局布局
        self.setLayout(wlayout)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = MyWindow()
    win.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

在控件中添加布局

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
import sys

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("嵌套布局示例")
        self.resize(700,200)

        # 全局控件 self 用于承载全局布局
        wwg = QWidget(self)
        # 全局布局
        wl = QHBoxLayout(wwg)
        hlayout = QHBoxLayout()
        vlayout = QVBoxLayout()
        glayout = QGridLayout()
        formlayout = QFormLayout()

        # 为局部布局添加控件
        hlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(1)))
        hlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(2)))
        vlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(3)))
        vlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(4)))
        glayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(5)), 0, 0)
        glayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(6)), 0, 1)
        glayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(7)), 1, 0)
        glayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(8)), 1, 1)
        formlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(9)))
        formlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(10)))
        formlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(11)))
        formlayout.addWidget(QPushButton(str(12)))

        # 局部布局中添加控件，然后将其添加到全局布局中
        wl.addLayout(hlayout)
        wl.addLayout(vlayout)
        wl.addLayout(glayout)
        wl.addLayout(formlayout)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = MyWindow()
    win.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

QSplitter

PyQt提供了一个特殊的布局管理器QSplitter，可以动态地拖动子控件之间的边界，算是一个动态布局管理器。QSplitter允许用户通过拖动子控件的边界来控制子控件的大小，并提供了一个处理拖曳子控件的控制器。

方法	描述
addWidget()	将小控件添加到QSplitter管理器的布局中
indexOf()	返回小控件的QSplitter管理器中的索引
insertWidget()	根据指定的索引将一个控件插入到QSplitter管理器中
setOrientation()	设置布局方向 · Qt.Horizontal 水平方向 · Qt.Vertical 垂直方向
setSizes()	设置控件的初始化大小
count()	返回小控件在QSplitter管理器中的数量

import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class SplitterExample(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super(SplitterExample,self).__init__()
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        hbox = QHBoxLayout(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("QSplitter 例子")
        self.setGeometry(300,300,300,200)
        topleft = QFrame()
        topleft.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)
        bottom = QFrame()
        bottom.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)
        splitter1 = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
        textedit = QTextEdit()
        splitter1.addWidget(topleft)
        splitter1.addWidget(textedit)
        splitter1.setSizes([100,200])
        splitter2 = QSplitter(Qt.Vertical)
        splitter2.addWidget(splitter1)
        splitter2.addWidget(bottom)
        hbox.addWidget(splitter2)
        self.setLayout(hbox)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    demo = SplitterExample()
    demo.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())