Spring Cloud 应用篇 之 Spring Cloud Sleuth + Zipkin（三）修改数据存储方式

（一）简介

默认情况下，Zipkin Server 会将跟踪信息存储在内存中，每次重启 Zipkin Server 都会使之前收集的跟踪信息丢失，并且当有大量跟踪信息时，内存存储也会造成性能瓶颈，所以通常我们都需要将跟踪信息存储到外部组件中，如 Mysql。

由于 Spring Boot 2.0 之后 Zipkin 不再推荐我们来自定义 Server 端了，那么如何把 Zipkin Server 修改为 Mysql 存储功能呢？答案还是和集成 RabbitMQ 一样，在启动 zipkin.jar 的时候，配置相关参数

（二）配置 zipkin server 

2.1 创建数据库、表信息

既然数据存储改为 Mysql，那么肯定要建立相关的表，建表的脚本文件 mysql.sql 在 GitHub 官方地址能查到，链接如下：

https://github.com/openzipkin/zipkin/blob/master/zipkin-storage/mysql-v1/src/main/resources/mysql.sql

这里会创建三张表，如下，具体表结构信息，大家可以自己查看

2.2 启动 zipkin

zipkin.jar 的 配置文件内容可以查看 GitHub 上官方的提供

https://github.com/openzipkin/zipkin/blob/master/zipkin-server/src/main/resources/zipkin-server-shared.yml

为了方便，我在这里展示部分内容：

zipkin:
  collector:
    rabbitmq:
      # RabbitMQ server address list (comma-separated list of host:port)
      addresses: ${RABBIT_ADDRESSES:}
      concurrency: ${RABBIT_CONCURRENCY:1}
      # TCP connection timeout in milliseconds
      connection-timeout: ${RABBIT_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT:60000}
      password: ${RABBIT_PASSWORD:guest}
      queue: ${RABBIT_QUEUE:zipkin}
      username: ${RABBIT_USER:guest}
      virtual-host: ${RABBIT_VIRTUAL_HOST:/}
      useSsl: ${RABBIT_USE_SSL:false}
      uri: ${RABBIT_URI:}
  storage:
    strict-trace-id: ${STRICT_TRACE_ID:true}
    search-enabled: ${SEARCH_ENABLED:true}
    type: ${STORAGE_TYPE:mem}
    mem:
      # Maximum number of spans to keep in memory.  When exceeded, oldest traces (and their spans) will be purged.
      # A safe estimate is 1K of memory per span (each span with 2 annotations + 1 binary annotation), plus
      # 100 MB for a safety buffer.  You'll need to verify in your own environment.
      # Experimentally, it works with: max-spans of 500000 with JRE argument -Xmx600m.
      max-spans: 500000
    cassandra:
      # Comma separated list of host addresses part of Cassandra cluster. Ports default to 9042 but you can also specify a custom port with 'host:port'.
      contact-points: ${CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS:localhost}
      # Name of the datacenter that will be considered "local" for latency load balancing. When unset, load-balancing is round-robin.
      local-dc: ${CASSANDRA_LOCAL_DC:}
      # Will throw an exception on startup if authentication fails.
      username: ${CASSANDRA_USERNAME:}
      password: ${CASSANDRA_PASSWORD:}
      keyspace: ${CASSANDRA_KEYSPACE:zipkin}
      # Max pooled connections per datacenter-local host.
      max-connections: ${CASSANDRA_MAX_CONNECTIONS:8}
      # Ensuring that schema exists, if enabled tries to execute script /zipkin-cassandra-core/resources/cassandra-schema-cql3.txt.
      ensure-schema: ${CASSANDRA_ENSURE_SCHEMA:true}
      # 7 days in seconds
      span-ttl: ${CASSANDRA_SPAN_TTL:604800}
      # 3 days in seconds
      index-ttl: ${CASSANDRA_INDEX_TTL:259200}
      # the maximum trace index metadata entries to cache
      index-cache-max: ${CASSANDRA_INDEX_CACHE_MAX:100000}
      # how long to cache index metadata about a trace. 1 minute in seconds
      index-cache-ttl: ${CASSANDRA_INDEX_CACHE_TTL:60}
      # how many more index rows to fetch than the user-supplied query limit
      index-fetch-multiplier: ${CASSANDRA_INDEX_FETCH_MULTIPLIER:3}
      # Using ssl for connection, rely on Keystore
      use-ssl: ${CASSANDRA_USE_SSL:false}
    cassandra3:
      # Comma separated list of host addresses part of Cassandra cluster. Ports default to 9042 but you can also specify a custom port with 'host:port'.
      contact-points: ${CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS:localhost}
      # Name of the datacenter that will be considered "local" for latency load balancing. When unset, load-balancing is round-robin.
      local-dc: ${CASSANDRA_LOCAL_DC:}
      # Will throw an exception on startup if authentication fails.
      username: ${CASSANDRA_USERNAME:}
      password: ${CASSANDRA_PASSWORD:}
      keyspace: ${CASSANDRA_KEYSPACE:zipkin2}
      # Max pooled connections per datacenter-local host.
      max-connections: ${CASSANDRA_MAX_CONNECTIONS:8}
      # Ensuring that schema exists, if enabled tries to execute script /zipkin2-schema.cql
      ensure-schema: ${CASSANDRA_ENSURE_SCHEMA:true}
      # how many more index rows to fetch than the user-supplied query limit
      index-fetch-multiplier: ${CASSANDRA_INDEX_FETCH_MULTIPLIER:3}
      # Using ssl for connection, rely on Keystore
      use-ssl: ${CASSANDRA_USE_SSL:false}
    elasticsearch:
      # host is left unset intentionally, to defer the decision
      hosts: ${ES_HOSTS:}
      pipeline: ${ES_PIPELINE:}
      max-requests: ${ES_MAX_REQUESTS:64}
      timeout: ${ES_TIMEOUT:10000}
      index: ${ES_INDEX:zipkin}
      date-separator: ${ES_DATE_SEPARATOR:-}
      index-shards: ${ES_INDEX_SHARDS:5}
      index-replicas: ${ES_INDEX_REPLICAS:1}
      username: ${ES_USERNAME:}
      password: ${ES_PASSWORD:}
      http-logging: ${ES_HTTP_LOGGING:}
      legacy-reads-enabled: ${ES_LEGACY_READS_ENABLED:true}
    mysql:
      host: ${MYSQL_HOST:localhost}
      port: ${MYSQL_TCP_PORT:3306}
      username: ${MYSQL_USER:}
      password: ${MYSQL_PASS:}
      db: ${MYSQL_DB:zipkin}
      max-active: ${MYSQL_MAX_CONNECTIONS:10}
      use-ssl: ${MYSQL_USE_SSL:false}
  ui:
    enabled: ${QUERY_ENABLED:true}
    ## Values below here are mapped to ZipkinUiProperties, served as /config.json
    # Default limit for Find Traces
    query-limit: 10
    # The value here becomes a label in the top-right corner
    environment:
    # Default duration to look back when finding traces.
    # Affects the "Start time" element in the UI. 1 hour in millis
    default-lookback: 3600000
    # When false, disables the "find a trace" screen
    search-enabled: ${SEARCH_ENABLED:true}
    # Which sites this Zipkin UI covers. Regex syntax. (e.g. http:\/\/example.com\/.*)
    # Multiple sites can be specified, e.g.
    # - .*example1.com
    # - .*example2.com
    # Default is "match all websites"
    instrumented: .*
    # URL placed into the <base> tag in the HTML
    base-path: /zipkin

从它的配置文件可以看出，storage 默认采用的是内存存储，所以我们要设置 zipkin.storage.type=mysql，除此之外还要设置 zipkin.storage.mysql.host、port、username、password、db 等

下面贴出我的启动命令：

java -jar zipkin.jar --zipkin.collector.rabbitmq.addresses=localhost --zipkin.storage.type=mysql 
--zipkin.storage.mysql.host=localhost --zipkin.storage.mysql.port=3306 --zipkin.storage.mysql.username=root 
--zipkin.storage.mysql.password=mysql --zipkin.storage.mysql.db=zipkin

大家可以根据自己的数据库信息，修改相关配置即可

（三）验证

至于 Zipkin Client 端，是不需要相关修改的，按照上面命令启动 zipkin 后，访问 http://localhost:8481/service1，查看数据库信息，表 zipkin_annotations 和表 zipkin_spans 中已经数据存储了

表 zipkin_annotations ：

表 zipkin_spans ：

表中所存储的信息我们已经非常熟悉，之前分析的内容都可以在这两张表中体现出来。

从 GitHub 的官方配置文件中，我们可以看到，Zipkin 在存储方面除了对 Mysql 有扩展组件之外，还实现了对 CassCassandra 和 ElasElasticSearch 的支持扩展，具体的整合方式与 Mysql 的整合类似。

源码下载：https://github.com/shmilyah/spring-cloud-componets