Hibernate单向无连接表N-1关联的简单示例

1. 单向N-1关系，比如多个职员对应同一个部门，只需从职员实体可以找到对应的部门实体，无须关心某个部门的全部职员。

2. 部门实体Department和职员实体Employee：

package com.huey.entity;

/**
 * 部门实体
 * @author Huey2672
 *
 */
public class Department {

	private Integer deptId;
	private String deptName;

	public Integer getDeptId() {
		return deptId;
	}
	
	public void setDeptId(Integer deptId) {
		this.deptId = deptId;
	}
	
	public String getDeptName() {
		return deptName;
	}
	
	public void setDeptName(String deptName) {
		this.deptName = deptName;
	}
	
	public Department() {
	}
	
	public Department(String deptName) {
		setDeptName(deptName);
	}
	
	public Department(int deptId, String deptName) {
		this(deptName);
		setDeptId(deptId);
	}
}

package com.huey.entity;

/**
 * 职员实体
 * @author Huey2672
 *
 */
public class Employee {

	private Integer empId;
	private String empName;
	private Department department;
	
	public Integer getEmpId() {
		return empId;
	}
	
	public void setEmpId(Integer empId) {
		this.empId = empId;
	}
	
	public String getEmpName() {
		return empName;
	}
	
	public void setEmpName(String empName) {
		this.empName = empName;
	}
	
	public Department getDepartment() {
		return department;
	}
	
	public void setDepartment(Department department) {
		this.department = department;
	}
	
	public Employee() {
	}
	
	public Employee(String empName, Department department) {
		this.empName = empName;
		this.department = department;
	}

}

3. 在数据库中创建表和序列（Oracle）：

create table tab_dept(
	dept_id number(8) primary key,
	dept_name varchar2(20) not null
);

create table tab_emp(
	emp_id number(8) primary key,
	emp_name varchar2(20) not null,
	dept_id number(8),
	foreign key(dept_id) references tab_dept(dept_id)
);

create sequence dept_id_sequence
start with 1001
increment by 1;

create sequence emp_id_sequence
start with 1002
increment by 1;

4.  配置映射文件Department.hbm.xml和Employee.hbm.xml：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.huey.entity">
	<class name="Department" table="tab_dept">
		<id name="deptId" column="dept_id">
			<generator class="sequence">
				<param name="sequence">DEPT_ID_SEQUENCE</param>
			</generator>
		</id>
		<property name="deptName" column="dept_name" />
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.huey.entity">
	<class name="Employee" table="tab_emp">
		<id name="empId" column="emp_id">
			<generator class="sequence">
				<param name="sequence">EMP_ID_SEQUENCE</param>
			</generator>
		</id>
		<property name="empName" column="emp_name" />
		<!-- 映射N-1关联实体，并指定级联全部操作  -->
		<many-to-one name="department" column="dept_id" class="Department" cascade="all"/>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

5. 配置配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

	<session-factory>
		<!-- Database connection settings -->
		<property name="connection.driver_class">
			oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
		</property>
		<property name="connection.url">
			jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl
		</property>
		<property name="connection.username">oa</property>
		<property name="connection.password">oa</property>
		<!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
		<property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>
		<!-- SQL dialect -->
		<property name="dialect">
			org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect
		</property>
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
		<mapping resource="com/huey/entity/mapping/Department.hbm.xml" />
		<mapping resource="com/huey/entity/mapping/Employee.hbm.xml" />
	</session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

6. 测试用例：

package com.huey.test;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.huey.entity.Department;
import com.huey.entity.Employee;

/**
 * 
 * @author Huey2672
 *
 */
public class EmployeeTest {
	
	private static SessionFactory sf;

	static {
		Configuration configuration = new Configuration()
				.configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
		ServiceRegistryBuilder srb = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()
				.applySettings(configuration.getProperties());
		sf = configuration.buildSessionFactory(srb.buildServiceRegistry());
	}

	@Test
	public void testAddDepartment() throws Exception {
		Session session = sf.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = null;
		try {
			transaction = session.beginTransaction();
			
			Department department = new Department("国防部");
			Employee huey = new Employee("huey", department);
			Employee sugar = new Employee("sugar", department);
			session.save(huey);
			session.save(sugar);
			
			transaction.commit();
		} catch (HibernateException e) {
			if (transaction != null) {
				transaction.rollback();
			}
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (session != null) {
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}
	
}

7. 可以看到数据表tab_dept中新插入一条记录，tab_emp中新插入了两条记录。