React官方文档教程学习

这是一个React官方文档入门教程中的内容,一个#字形的小游戏.

不多说,往下走.在这里我不展示具体的文字逻辑,详细的可以去官网查看.

一.创建一个react项目

npx create-react-app my-app

二.删除掉新项目中 src/ 文件夹下的所有文件。

三.在 src/ 文件夹中创建一个名为 index.css 的文件,样式代码为:

body {
  font: 14px "Century Gothic", Futura, sans-serif;
  margin: 20px;
}

ol, ul {
  padding-left: 30px;
}

.board-row:after {
  clear: both;
  content: "";
  display: table;
}

.status {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.square {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #999;
  float: left;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 34px;
  height: 34px;
  margin-right: -1px;
  margin-top: -1px;
  padding: 0;
  text-align: center;
  width: 34px;
}

.square:focus {
  outline: none;
}

.kbd-navigation .square:focus {
  background: #ddd;
}

.game {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
}

.game-info {
  margin-left: 20px;
}

四.在 src/ 文件夹下创建一个名为 index.js 的文件,完整代码如下:

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import './index.css';

// 单独的 <button>
const Square = (props) => {
  return (
    <button className="square"
      onClick={props.onClick}
    >
      {props.value}
    </button>
  )

}

//渲染了 9 个方块
class Board extends React.Component {

  handleClick(i) {
    const squares = this.state.squares.slice()
    if (calculateWinner(squares) || squares[i]) {
      return;
    }
    squares[i] = this.state.xIsNext ? 'X' : 'O'
    this.setState({
      squares: squares,
      xIsNext: !this.state.xIsNext,
    })

  }
  renderSquare(i) {
    return (
      <Square
        value={this.props.squares[i]}
        onClick={() => this.props.onClick(i)}
      />
    )
  }

  render() {

    return (
      <div>
        <div className="board-row">
          {this.renderSquare(0)}
          {this.renderSquare(1)}
          {this.renderSquare(2)}
        </div>
        <div className="board-row">
          {this.renderSquare(3)}
          {this.renderSquare(4)}
          {this.renderSquare(5)}
        </div>
        <div className="board-row">
          {this.renderSquare(6)}
          {this.renderSquare(7)}
          {this.renderSquare(8)}
        </div>
      </div>
    );
  }
}
// 棋盘
class Game extends React.Component {

  state = {
    history: [{
      squares: Array(9).fill(null),
    }],
    stepNumber: 0,
    xIsNext: true,
  }
  handleClick(i) {
    const history = this.state.history.slice(0, this.state.stepNumber + 1);
    const current = history[history.length - 1];
    const squares = current.squares.slice();
    if (calculateWinner(squares) || squares[i]) {
      return;
    }
    squares[i] = this.state.xIsNext ? 'X' : 'O';
    this.setState({
      history: history.concat([{
        squares: squares,
      }]),
      stepNumber: history.length,
      xIsNext: !this.state.xIsNext,
    });
  }
  jumpTo(step) {
    this.setState({
      stepNumber: step,
      xIsNext: (step % 2) === 0,
    });
  }
  render() {
    const history = this.state.history;
    const current = history[this.state.stepNumber];
    const winner = calculateWinner(current.squares);
    const moves = history.map((step, move) => {
      const demc = move ?
        'Go to move #' + move :
        'Go to game start';
      return (
        <li key={move}>
          <button onClick={() => this.jumpTo(move)}>{demc}</button>
        </li>
      )
    })
    let status;
    if (winner) {
      status = 'Winner: ' + winner;
    } else {
      status = 'Next player: ' + (this.state.xIsNext ? 'X' : 'O');
    }
    return (
      <div className="game">
        <div className="game-board">
          <Board
            squares={current.squares}
            onClick={(i) => this.handleClick(i)}
          />
        </div>
        <div className="game-info">
          <div>{status}</div>
          <ol>{moves}</ol>
        </div>
      </div>
    );
  }
}


const root = ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById("root"));
root.render(<Game />);

function calculateWinner(squares) {
  const lines = [
    [0, 1, 2],
    [3, 4, 5],
    [6, 7, 8],
    [0, 3, 6],
    [1, 4, 7],
    [2, 5, 8],
    [0, 4, 8],
    [2, 4, 6],
  ];
  for (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
    const [a, b, c] = lines[i];
    if (squares[a] && squares[a] === squares[b] && squares[a] === squares[c]) {
      return squares[a];
    }
  }
  return null;
}

看下效果:

 点击按钮还可以回退到历史项,以点击3这个按钮为例: