目录
Java枚举是一个特殊的类,一般表示一组常量,比如一年的4个季节,一年的12个月份,一个星期的7天,方向有东南西北等。
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JDK1.5之前使用自定义枚举
参考代码1:
public class EnumDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Season spring = Season.SPRING;
System.out.println(spring);
}
}
class Season{
//2、创建枚举类的属性(成员遍历),必须是作为私有常量出现
private final String SEASON_NAME;
private final String SEASON_DESC;
//1、必须将构造方法私有化,这是为了保证类的对象是有限个的目的
private Season(String SEASON_NAME,String SEASON_DESC){
this.SEASON_NAME = SEASON_NAME;
this.SEASON_DESC = SEASON_DESC;
}
//3、提供公共的静态的方法给外界获取枚举类中多个对象
public static final Season SPRING = new Season("春天", "春暖花开");
public static final Season SUMMER = new Season("夏天", "夏日炎炎");
public static final Season FALL = new Season("秋天", "秋高气爽");
public static final Season WINTER = new Season("冬天", "白雪皑皑");
//4、提供公共的获取属性的方法
public String getSEASON_NAME() {
return SEASON_NAME;
}
public String getSEASON_DESC() {
return SEASON_DESC;
}
//5、重写toString()方法
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Season{" +
"SEASON_NAME='" + SEASON_NAME + '\'' +
", SEASON_DESC='" + SEASON_DESC + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
输出结果:
Season{SEASON_NAME='春天', SEASON_DESC='春暖花开'}
参考代码2:
public class EnumDemo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Season2 spring = Season2.SPRING;
System.out.println(spring);// SPRING
//所有的枚举类都有个父类,叫做Enum
System.out.println(Season2.class.getSuperclass());
System.out.println(spring.getSEASON_NAME()+"---"+spring.getSEASON_DESC());
}
}
enum Season2{
//3、提供公共的静态的方法给外界获取枚举类中多个对象
//将枚举相关的对象放在开头
SPRING("春天", "春暖花开"),
SUMMER("夏天", "夏日炎炎"),
FALL("秋天", "秋高气爽"),
WINTER("冬天", "白雪皑皑");
//2、创建枚举类的属性(成员遍历),必须是作为私有常量出现
private final String SEASON_NAME;
private final String SEASON_DESC;
//1、必须将构造方法私有化,这是为了保证类的对象是有限个的目的
private Season2(String SEASON_NAME,String SEASON_DESC){
this.SEASON_NAME = SEASON_NAME;
this.SEASON_DESC = SEASON_DESC;
}
//4、提供公共的获取属性的方法
public String getSEASON_NAME() {
return SEASON_NAME;
}
public String getSEASON_DESC() {
return SEASON_DESC;
}
//5、重写toString()方法
// @Override
// public String toString() {
// return "Season{" +
// "SEASON_NAME='" + SEASON_NAME + '\'' +
// ", SEASON_DESC='" + SEASON_DESC + '\'' +
// '}';
// }
}
运行结果:
Season{SEASON_NAME='春天', SEASON_DESC='春暖花开'}
通过运行结果我们可以看出参考代码2在参考代码1的基础上进行了改进,不需要重写toSting()方法,将枚举相关的对象放在开头,与创建枚举的属性分开写了。
参考代码3:
public class EnumDemo3 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Season3 spring = Season3.SPRING;
System.out.println(spring);// SPRING
//所有的枚举类都有个父类,叫做Enum
System.out.println(Season3.class.getSuperclass());
System.out.println(spring.getSEASON_NAME()+"---"+spring.getSEASON_DESC());
spring.show();
}
}
interface Person{
void show();
}
enum Season3 implements Person{
//3、提供公共的静态的方法给外界获取枚举类中多个对象
//将枚举相关的对象放在开头
SPRING("春天", "春暖花开"),
SUMMER("夏天", "夏日炎炎"),
FALL("秋天", "秋高气爽"),
WINTER("冬天", "白雪皑皑");
//2、创建枚举类的属性(成员遍历),必须是作为私有常量出现
private final String SEASON_NAME;
private final String SEASON_DESC;
//1、必须将构造方法私有化,这是为了保证类的对象是有限个的目的
private Season3(String SEASON_NAME,String SEASON_DESC){
this.SEASON_NAME = SEASON_NAME;
this.SEASON_DESC = SEASON_DESC;
}
//4、提供公共的获取属性的方法
public String getSEASON_NAME() {
return SEASON_NAME;
}
public String getSEASON_DESC() {
return SEASON_DESC;
}
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("好好学习天天向上");
}
//5、重写toString()方法
// @Override
// public String toString() {
// return "Season{" +
// "SEASON_NAME='" + SEASON_NAME + '\'' +
// ", SEASON_DESC='" + SEASON_DESC + '\'' +
// '}';
// }
}
运行结果:
SPRING
class java.lang.Enum
春天---春暖花开
好好学习天天向上
通过运行结果我们可以看出,参考代码3又在参考代码2的基础上进行了改进,使用show接口对枚举相关的对象进行重写,更进一步接近JDK1.5之后的枚举思想,直接在枚举类实现接口中的抽象方法。
参考代码5:
public class EnumDemo4 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Season4 spring = Season4.SPRING;
System.out.println(spring);// SPRING
//所有的枚举类都有个父类,叫做Enum
System.out.println(Season4.class.getSuperclass());
System.out.println(spring.getSEASON_NAME()+"---"+spring.getSEASON_DESC());
spring.show();
Season4 winter = Season4.WINTER;
winter.show();
}
}
interface Person2{
void show();
}
enum Season4 implements Person2{
//4、提供公共的静态的方法给外界获取枚举类中多个对象
//将枚举相关的对象放在开头
SPRING("春天", "春暖花开"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("出去春游");
}
},
SUMMER("夏天", "夏日炎炎"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("夏天吃西瓜");
}
},
FALL("秋天", "秋高气爽"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("秋天中秋吃月饼");
}
},
WINTER("冬天", "白雪皑皑"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("冬天打雪仗");
}
};
//2、创建枚举类的属性(成员遍历),必须是作为私有常量出现
private final String SEASON_NAME;
private final String SEASON_DESC;
//1、必须将构造方法私有化,这是为了保证类的对象是有限个的目的
private Season4(String SEASON_NAME,String SEASON_DESC){
this.SEASON_NAME = SEASON_NAME;
this.SEASON_DESC = SEASON_DESC;
}
//4、提供公共的获取属性的方法
public String getSEASON_NAME() {
return SEASON_NAME;
}
public String getSEASON_DESC() {
return SEASON_DESC;
}
// @Override
// public void show() {
// System.out.println("好好学习天天向上");
// }
//5、重写toString()方法
// @Override
// public String toString() {
// return "Season{" +
// "SEASON_NAME='" + SEASON_NAME + '\'' +
// ", SEASON_DESC='" + SEASON_DESC + '\'' +
// '}';
// }
}
运行结果:
SPRING
class java.lang.Enum
春天---春暖花开
好好学习天天向上
通过运行结果我们可以看出,参考代码4又在参考代码3的基础上进行了改进,使用show接口对枚举相关的对象进行重写,就是现在JDK1.5之后的枚举思想,在每个枚举对象中实现。
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在每个枚举对象中实现
枚举类中的抽象方法实现,需要枚举类中的每个对象都对其进行实现。
参考代码5:
package com.hjl.test.day21;
enum Color{
RED{
public String getColor(){//枚举对象实现抽象方法
return "红色";
}
},
GREEN{
public String getColor(){//枚举对象实现抽象方法
return "绿色";
}
},
BLUE{
public String getColor(){//枚举对象实现抽象方法
return "蓝色";
}
};
public abstract String getColor();//定义抽象方法
}
public class EnumDemo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (Color c:Color.values()){
System.out.print(c.getColor() + "、");
}
}
}
输出结果:
红色、绿色、蓝色、
到底啦!给靓仔一个关注吧!