1. 辅音字母的念法
id | 字母 | 单词示例 | id | 字母 | 单词示例 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | b | big | 12 | j | jeep |
2 | p | pig | 13 | q(u) | quick[kw] |
3 | m | mum | 14 | x | box[ks] |
4 | f | five | 15 | z | zoo |
5 | d | dog | 16 | c | cat[k] |
6 | t | top | 17 | s | snake |
7 | n | nanny | 18 | r | run / right (瑞) |
8 | l | lucky | 19 | v | very |
9 | g | get | 20 | w | weak |
10 | k | kite | 21 | y[j]/[i] | yes /bic y(衣) cle |
11 | h | hat |
没有特别标注读音的都是与汉语拼音发音相似
2. 元音字母念法
a. 开音节
开音节就是单词以元音音节结束
元音字母 | a | e | i / y | o | u |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
元辅e结尾 | made/take | compete | bite/ride | note/ pole | cute/mute |
元音结尾 | / | me/she | hi / my | no / so | / |
元音重读 | station | female | bicycle | robot | student |
开音节读字母原来的发音
b. 闭音节
闭音节就是单词以辅音音节结束
元音字母 | a | e | i / y | o | u |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
发音 | [ æ ] | [ e ] | [ ɪ ] | [ ɒ ] | [ ʌ ] |
单词示例 | bad | egg | is | rot | dust |
/ | that | shell | film | dog | duck |
c. 弱音节
当单词中有一个元音是重读了,其他元音要轻读
此时发音为 [ ə ] / [ ɪ ]
[ ə ] | [ ɪ ] |
---|---|
around | depart |
develop | rabbit |
student | cabbage |
silent | policy |
minus | / |
nervous | / |
基本上都可以发音为[ ə ],读错也没什么问题,大家都能听得懂
3. 组合辅音字母的念法
很多需要多练习记忆
字母组合 | 音标 | 单词示例 | -- | -- | -- |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ch / tch | [ tʃ ] | peach | beach | watch | match |
ck | [ k ] | Jack | pick | duck | back |
kn | [ n ] | know | knife | knock | / |
ng | [ ŋ ] | sing | song | ping pong | / |
dge | [ dʒ ] | bridge | fridge | knowledge | / |
ds | [ dz ] | beds | birds | heads | / |
ph | [ f ] | photo | phone | physical | / |
sh | [ ∫ ] | fish | shy | show | English |
th | [ θ ]/[ ð ] | thank | ninth | this | that |
tr | [ tr ] | try | train | travel | / |
dr | [ dr ] | dream | drink | dry | / |
ts | [ ts ] | sheets | meets | fits | / |
4. 元音字母的组合念法
很多需要练习记忆
字母组合 | 音标 | 单词示例 | -- | -- |
---|---|---|---|---|
ee | [ i: ] | bee | see | greet |
oo | [ u: ] | zoo | too | moon |
/ | [ ʊ ] | cook | look | book |
ou | [ aʊ ] | mouth | loud | shout |
ow | [ aʊ ] | now | cow | how |
/ | [ əʊ ] | know | show | low |
ai/ay | [ eɪ ] | rain | again | say |
oi/oy | [ ɔɪ ] | oil | boil | boy |
ar | [ ɑ: ] | car | bar | shark |
ea | [ i: ] | eat | meat | defeat |
/ | [ e ] | head | weather | feather |
oa | [ əʊ ] | boat | coat | road |
ie | [ aɪ ] | pie | lie | die |
/ | [ i: ] | field | believe | piece |
ew/iew | [ ju: ] | new | few | view / review |
ir/er/ur | [ ɜ: ] | bird | shirt | her |
are | [ eə ] | care | share | software |
ere | [ ɪə ] | here | mere | / |
/ | [ eə ] | there | where | / |
ire | [ aɪə ] | fire | tire | wire |
ear | [ ɪə ]/[ ɪr ] | hear | tear | gear |
/ | [ eə ]/ [ ɜr ] | pear | tear | wear |
or/ore/oar | [ ɔ: ]/ [ ɔ: r] | corn | before | blackboard |
/ | / | born | forecase | keyboard |
al/au/aw | [ ɔ: ] | talk | pause | saw |
/ | / | walk | cause | law |
igh | [ aɪ ] | high | light | fight |
5. 少数特殊的念法
字母 | 音标 | 示例 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
c 在i / e / y 前 | [s] | city | nice | receive | accept | bicycle | icy |
g 在 i / e/ y 前 | [ dʒ ] | magic | giant | large | huge | gym | technology |
tion | [ ʃən ] | nation | motion | action | |||
ture | [ tʃə ] | culture | nature | feature | |||
sion | [ ʃən ] / [ ʒən ] | passion | mission | decision | conclusion | ||
sure | [ ʒə ] | measure | treasure | ||||
ble | [ bl ] | able | possible | drinkable | |||
ple | [ pl ] | apple | people | temple |
6.重音朗读规律
有一个音节就直接读
有两个音节不是动词,就首重
两个音节是动词,尾巴重
三个音节首重
四个音节,第二个音节重读
五个音节,中间的音节重读\
7./t/规律
非重读,非开头 轻微浊化 Italy atom artist(ptk都有这个规律)
在字母n后失去爆破
在句子末尾失去爆破
8. 重读
形容词+名词(重读)
名词(重读)+名词 bedroom ˈbedruːm
9.美音与英音
英音中ɒ(对应美音中的ɔː)在美音中有时会发ɑː 比如what、doctor 英ˈdɒktə(r)] 美 [ˈdɑːktər]
英音中ɑː如果在单词后没有卷舌字母r 美音中通常会被æ替代比如:grass laugh
英音中ɑː如果在单词有卷舌字母r 美音中通常会被ɑːr替代比如:car 英 [kɑː(r)] 美 [kɑːr] star heart