How to output the string which include %

how to output the string which include %

Postgres complain synax error when error string include %

     IF ((NEW.percentage/power(10, NEW.decimals)) > 100) THEN
          RAISE EXCEPTION '100001, TRIG: INSERT/UPDATE Failed: percentage must <= 100%.'  USING ERRCODE='ZZ001';
     END IF;

when you execute the trigger it report syntax error

psql -h 10.20.7.4 -d ct1 -U abc -f abc.trig
psql:abc.trig.pg:340: ERROR:  too few parameters specified for RAISE
CONTEXT:  compilation of PL/pgSQL function "abc_aiufer" near line 284

Postgres official documents states that If you want to include % in the result string, use double percentages %% .

therfore correct the trigger as below, the trigger compile successfully.

 IF ((NEW.percentage/power(10, NEW.decimals)) > 100) THEN
          RAISE EXCEPTION '100001, TRIG: INSERT/UPDATE Failed: percentage must <= 100%%.'  USING ERRCODE='ZZ001';
     END IF;