perl 自定义排序

#!/usr/bin/perl -w  

#########################################################################  

# File Name: test6.pl  

#########################################################################  

  

#index(str,substr,position)，在大字符串中查找  

#position可以设置起始位置，返回位置数  

my $stuff = "hello word";  

my $where = index($stuff, "wor");  

print "where: $where\n";  

  

my $where1 = index($stuff, "w");  

print "where1: $where1\n";  

  

my $where2 = index($stuff, "w", 6);  

print "where2: $where2\n";  

  

# substr($string, $init_position, $length) 处理部分字符串  

$substr1 = substr("hello world", 6, 5); #得到substr1: world  

print "substr1: $substr1\n";  

#可以作替换字符串使用  

substr($substr1,0,0)="hello ";  

print "substr1: $substr1\n"; #substr1: hello world  

#替换功能也可以使用第四个参数  

$string = "hello world";  

substr($string, 0, 5, "xxxxx");  

print "string: $string\n";  

  

#sprintf 格式化数据   

$year = "2014";  

$month = 8;  

$day = 2.0;  

$data_tag = sprintf("%s/%d/%.3f", $year, $month, $day);  

print "data_tag: $data_tag\n"; #data_tag: 2014/8/2.000  

  

#排序  

#排序子函数,按数字排序  

sub by_num{  

    $a <=> $b  

}  

@nums = (1,4,22,5,33,10,12);  

print "nums: @nums\n";  

@result1 = sort @nums;  

print "result1: @result1\n"; #只会把数字当作字符排序  

@result2 = sort by_num @nums;  

print "result2: @result2\n"; #会根据数值大小进行排序  

  

#对hash排序  

my %socre = (  

    "kevin" => 100,  

    "xiang" => 50,  

    "jie" => 150,  

    "xxx" => 1,  

    "yyy" => 50  

);  

@socre1 = %socre;  

print "socre1: @socre1\n"; #socre1: xiang 50 jie 150 kevin 100 xxx 1 yyy 50  

  

#排序子函数，根据value 从小到大   

#如果是数字直接用 <=> 如果是字符串用 cmp  

sub by_socre_value{  

    $socre{$a} <=> $socre{$b}  

}  

@socre2 = sort by_socre_value keys %socre;  

print "socre2: @socre2\n"; #socre2: xxx xiang yyy kevin jie  

  

  

%socre = (  

    "kevin" => 100,  

    "xiang" => 50,  

    "jie" => 150,  

    "xxx" => 1,  

    "yyy" => 50  

);  

#根据value 从小到大, 如果value相同，则根据key字母反序  

#如果还有很多个条件，可以加or再限制  

sub by_socre_value_and_key{  

    $socre{$a} <=> $socre{$b}  

    or  

    $b cmp $a;  

}  

@socre3 = sort by_socre_value_and_key keys %socre;  

print "socre3: @socre3\n"; #socre3: xxx yyy xiang kevin jie