SCSI错误定位：hostbyte和driverbyte

1. 错误打印log

硬盘跑IO的时候，经常会见到下面这种错误log，这是SCSI做的打印。这是什么错误？该怎么定位？

[ 6304.176111] sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] tag#7 UNKNOWN(0x2003) Result: hostbyte=0x07 driverbyte=0x00
[ 6304.184281] sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] tag#7 CDB: opcode=0x28 28 00 00 0a 88 00 00 04 00 00
[ 6304.191838] print_req_error: I/O error, dev sde, sector 690176
[ 6333.587832] sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] tag#0 UNKNOWN(0x2003) Result: hostbyte=0x05 driverbyte=0x00
[ 6333.596010] sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] tag#0 CDB: opcode=0x28 28 00 00 0a 8c 00 00 04 00 00

2. log打印位置

首先，我们看这个日志是在哪里打印的。drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c中scsi_io_completion()。两行分别对应scsi_print_result()和scsi_print_command()。

1012         switch (action) {
1013         case ACTION_FAIL:
1014                 /* Give up and fail the remainder of the request */
1015                 if (!(req->rq_flags & RQF_QUIET)) {
1016                         static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(_rs,
1017                                         DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
1018                                         DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
1019
1020                         if (unlikely(scsi_logging_level))
1021                                 level = SCSI_LOG_LEVEL(SCSI_LOG_MLCOMPLETE_SHIFT,
1022                                                        SCSI_LOG_MLCOMPLETE_BITS);
1023
1024                         /*
1025                          * if logging is enabled the failure will be printed
1026                          * in scsi_log_completion(), so avoid duplicate messages
1027                          */
1028                         if (!level && __ratelimit(&_rs)) {
1029                                 scsi_print_result(cmd, NULL, FAILED);
1030                                 if (driver_byte(result) & DRIVER_SENSE)
1031                                         scsi_print_sense(cmd);
1032                                 scsi_print_command(cmd);
1033                         }
1034                 }
1035                 if (!scsi_end_request(req, error, blk_rq_err_bytes(req), 0))
1036                         return;
1037                 /*FALLTHRU*/
1038         case ACTION_REPREP:

3. hostbyte和driverbyte含义

hostbyte和driverbyte是cmd->result中的域，如下所示。

210 #define status_byte(result) (((result) >> 1) & 0x7f)
211 #define msg_byte(result)    (((result) >> 8) & 0xff)
212 #define host_byte(result)   (((result) >> 16) & 0xff)
213 #define driver_byte(result) (((result) >> 24) & 0xff)

hostbyte码值对应的含义如下：

132 /*
133  * Host byte codes
134  */
135
136 #define DID_OK          0x00    /* NO error                                */
137 #define DID_NO_CONNECT  0x01    /* Couldn't connect before timeout period  */
138 #define DID_BUS_BUSY    0x02    /* BUS stayed busy through time out period */
139 #define DID_TIME_OUT    0x03    /* TIMED OUT for other reason              */
140 #define DID_BAD_TARGET  0x04    /* BAD target.                             */
141 #define DID_ABORT       0x05    /* Told to abort for some other reason     */
142 #define DID_PARITY      0x06    /* Parity error                            */
143 #define DID_ERROR       0x07    /* Internal error                          */
144 #define DID_RESET       0x08    /* Reset by somebody.                      */
145 #define DID_BAD_INTR    0x09    /* Got an interrupt we weren't expecting.  */
146 #define DID_PASSTHROUGH 0x0a    /* Force command past mid-layer            */
147 #define DID_SOFT_ERROR  0x0b    /* The low level driver just wish a retry  */
148 #define DID_IMM_RETRY   0x0c    /* Retry without decrementing retry count  */
149 #define DID_REQUEUE     0x0d    /* Requeue command (no immediate retry) also
150                                  * without decrementing the retry count    */
151 #define DID_TRANSPORT_DISRUPTED 0x0e /* Transport error disrupted execution
152                                       * and the driver blocked the port to
153                                       * recover the link. Transport class will
154                                       * retry or fail IO */
155 #define DID_TRANSPORT_FAILFAST  0x0f /* Transport class fastfailed the io */
156 #define DID_TARGET_FAILURE 0x10 /* Permanent target failure, do not retry on
157                                  * other paths */
158 #define DID_NEXUS_FAILURE 0x11  /* Permanent nexus failure, retry on other
159                                  * paths might yield different results */
160 #define DID_ALLOC_FAILURE 0x12  /* Space allocation on the device failed */
161 #define DID_MEDIUM_ERROR  0x13  /* Medium error */

4. hostbyte跟底层的转换关系

SAS_DATA_UNDERRUN --> DID_ERROR

SAS_DATA_OVERRUN --> DID_ERROR

SAS_ABORTED_TASK --> DID_ABORT

drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_scsi_host.c中的sas_end_task()