自制交叉编译工具链接：自己编译一个arm-linux-gcc

关于linaro参见其官网www.linaro.org

gcc-linara源码可以从这个网址下载  http://launchpad.net/gcc-linaro/+milestone/4.8-2013.10
gcc的编译依赖于几个库,GMP,MPFR,MPC，首先需要编译他们，从 ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/  下载这几个库的源代码。
1. 编译GMP    ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2
解压后使用标准的GNU源码编译方法
./configure  --prefix=/home/jqzeng/tools/gmp
make
make install
--host指定的是编译所用主机类型
2. 编译MPFR   ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpfr-2.4.2.tar.bz2
./configure  --prefix=/home/jqzeng/tools/mpfr --with-gmp=/home/jqzeng/tools/gmp
make && make install
3.编译MPC   ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpc-0.8.1.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/home/jqzeng/tools/mpc --with-gmp=/home/jqzeng/tools/gmp --with-mpfr=/home/jqzeng/tools/mpfr
make && make install
4.编译isl 下载地址  http://isl.gforge.inria.fr/isl-0.12.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/home/jqzeng/tools/isl --with-gmp-prefix=/home/jqzeng/tools/gmp
make && make install
5.编译cloog   下载地址 http://www.bastoul.net/cloog/pages/download/count.php3?url=./cloog-0.18.1.tar.gz
./configure  --prefix=/home/jqzeng/tools/cloog --with-gmp-prefix=/home/jqzeng/tools/gmp
make && make install

6.编译libelf   下载地址 http://www.mr511.de/software/libelf-0.8.9.tar.gz

 ./configure --prefix=/home/jqzeng/tools/libelf
make && make install
7.编译binutils http://releases.linaro.org/13.10/components/toolchain/binutils-linaro
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/linaro-gcc --with-sysroot=/usr/local/arm-linux/arm-linux-gnueabi/libc --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=arm-linux-gnueabi --with-gmp=/home/jqzeng/tools/gmp --with-isl=/home/jqzeng/tools/isl  --with-mpfr=/home/jqzeng/tools/mpfr --with-mpc=/home/jqzeng/tools/mpc
make 
sudo make install
加上--with-sysroot是很重要的，否则编译gcc的时候会出现“ld:this linker was not configured to use sysroots”的错误。
8. 安装内核头文件
解压内核并cd到源码目录，执行下面的命令构建sanitized 版本内核头文件。
make ARCH=arm headers_check

 sudo make ARCH=arm INSTALL_HDR_PATH=/usr/local/arm-linux/arm-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr headers_install

9. 编译c库头文件   eglibc  http://releases.linaro.org/13.10/components/toolchain/eglibc-linaro/eglibc-linaro-2.18-2013.10.tar.bz2
mkdir build
CC=gcc ../configure  --prefix=/usr/local/arm-linux/arm-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr --build=x86_64-linux-gnu  --host=arm-linux-gnueabi  --with-header=/usr/local/arm-linux/arm-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr/include 

sudo make install-headers

注意这里设置的--host是目标板，与其他地方的不一样。
内核头文件和C库头文件放在sysroot下， 消除 缺少头文件的问题“ The directory that should contain system headers does not exist”  。

10.编译用于编译glibc的 gcc
解压gcc-linara，cd到源码目录
mkdir build
cd build
../gcc-linaro-4.8-2013.10/configure --prefix=/usr/local/arm-linux  --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=arm-linux-gnueabi --with-gmp=/home/jqzeng/tools/gmp 
 --with-mpfr=/home/jqzeng/tools/mpfr --with-mpc=/home/jqzeng/tools/mpc --with-isl=/home/jqzeng/tools/isl --with-cloog=/home/jqzeng/tools/cloog 
--with-libelf=/home/jqzeng/tools/libelf --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran --enable-multilib --with-arch=armv7-a --with-tune=cortex-a9 --with-fpu=vfpv3-d16 --with-float=hard 
--enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-libmudflap --enable-libgomp --enable-libssp --enable-threads=posix --disable-libstdcxx-pch --enable-linker-build-id --enable-gold  --enable-c99 
--enable-long-long --with-mode=thumb --with-sysroot=/usr/local/linaro-gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/libc --with-local-prefix=/usr/local/linaro-gcc/arm-linux-gnueabi/libc

make -j4

到这里配置出错了
checking for version 0.10 of ISL... no
checking for version 0.11 of ISL... no
checking for version 0.12 of ISL... no
configure: error: Unable to find a usable ISL.  See config.log for details.
打开config.log
configure:5857: checking for version 0.10 of ISL
configure:5876: x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -o conftest -g -O2 -I/home/jqzeng/tools/isl/include -I/home/jqzeng/tools/gmp/include -I/home/jqzeng/tools/mpfr/include -I/home/jqzeng/tools/mpc/include    -L/home/jqzeng/tools/isl/lib conftest.c  -lisl >&5
configure:5876: $? = 0
configure:5876: ./conftest
./conftest: error  while loading shared libraries: libisl.so.10: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
configure:5876: $? = 127
configure: program exited with status 127
configure: failed program was:
| /* confdefs.h */
| #define PACKAGE_NAME ""
| #define PACKAGE_TARNAME ""
| #define PACKAGE_VERSION ""
| #define PACKAGE_STRING ""
| #define PACKAGE_BUGREPORT ""
| #define PACKAGE_URL ""
| #define LT_OBJDIR ".libs/"
| /* end confdefs.h.  */
| #include <isl/version.h>
|    #include <string.h>
| int
| main ()
| {
| if (strncmp (isl_version (), "isl-0.10", strlen ("isl-0.10")) != 0)
|      return 1;
|
|   ;
|   return 0;
| }
configure:5885: result: no
configure:5905: checking for version 0.11 of ISL
configure:5924: x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -o conftest -g -O2 -I/home/jqzeng/tools/isl/include -I/home/jqzeng/tools/gmp/include -I/home/jqzeng/tools/mpfr/include -I/home/jqzeng/tools/mpc/include    -L/home/jqzeng/tools/isl/lib conftest.c  -lisl >&5
configure:5924: $? = 0
configure:5924: ./conftest

好吧，是加载动态库的时候出问题了。

 sudo vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ld.isl.so.conf
将isl的lib库的绝对路径写入ld.isl.so.conf文件中 /home/jqzeng/tools/isl/lib
顺便将tools目录下的其他动态库的路径都加上
执行下面的命令重建 /etc/ld.so.cache
sudo ldconfig
重新来一遍配置gcc-linara。
执行make，喝杯咖啡歇会，这是个漫长的过程。
sudo make install

11 编译eglibc
 CC=arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc ../configure  --prefix=/usr/local/arm-linux/arm-linux-gnueabi/libc/ --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=arm-linux-gnueabi 
--with-header=/usr/local/arm-linux/arm-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr/include --enable-add-ons --with-binutils=/usr/local/arm-linux/bin --enable-shared libc_cv_forced_unwind=yes 
libc_cv_c_cleanup=yes

make 
sudo make install

好吧，现在工具链已经编译完成，下一步是使用该工具链编译uboot和kernel。

转自：http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-24943863-id-3997047.html