过滤器是向 Web 应用程序的请求和响应处理添加功能的Web 服务组件。
过滤器生命周期的各个阶段:
实现编码过滤
实例化->初始化--->过滤--->销毁
•过滤器必须实现javax.servlet.Filter接口,该接口中有
–init(…)
•参数类型:FilterConfig(初始化参数对象)
–doFilter(…)
•参数有三个类型分别是:ServletRequest,ServletResponse,FilterChain
–destroy()
在SRC下创建一个filter包创建一个filterEncoding类继承filter接口
- package filter;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import javax.servlet.Filter;
- import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
- import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
- /**
- * @author Administrator
- *字符编码的过滤器
- */
- public class filterEncoding implements Filter {
- private String requestEncoding="";
- private String responseEncoding="";
- public void destroy() {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- System.out.println("字符编码过滤器销毁!");
- }
- public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
- FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- // System.out.println("编码过滤器运行中。。。");
- //获取过滤链
- request.setCharacterEncoding(requestEncoding);
- response.setContentType(responseEncoding);
- //执行过滤链
- chain.doFilter(request, response);
- }
- public void init(FilterConfig conif) throws ServletException {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- System.out.println("字符编码过滤器初始化!");
- //初始化时获取web.xml中的数据
- requestEncoding=conif.getInitParameter("requestEncoding");
- responseEncoding=conif.getInitParameter("responseEncoding");
- }
- }
接着在web.xml中配置
- <!-- 编码过滤器开始 -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>filterEncoding</filter-name>
- <filter-class>filter.filterEncoding</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>requestEncoding</param-name>
- <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>responseEncoding</param-name>
- <param-value>text/html;charset=utf-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>filterEncoding</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <!-- 编码过滤器结束 -->