Google验证码ReCaptcha V3

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-21 17:03:18 发布

huxiansheng__

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-21 17:03:18 发布

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分类专栏：学习我的程序人生文章标签：前端 javascript 开发语言 ReCaptcha

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/huxiansheng__/article/details/121048683

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因为工作的原因需要使用Google验证码ReCaptcha v3，所以我就上网了解了一下，下面是我的一些学习分享。

大家应该都是用过google的验证码，如

这种情况的需要我们手动去选择，ReCaptcha V3则不需要了，不需要用户去手动的验证。

大白话：用户不用再选择哪些图里有飞机，哪些图里有汽车等。ReCaptcha V3 会在后台对用户的行为进行监测，然后会返回一个分数（0-1）之间，我们就可以自定义了，小于0.5的就是机器人，他们就需要被验证，验证手机号等。

1.首先是去reCaptcha官网网站:https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/

很不幸，这个网站需要翻墙，如果你没有能力，那就算了，因为我不能告诉你怎么翻墙。

标签随便写，这个无所谓

选择第三版

域名可以写自己的域名，也可以用localhost去测试

所有者就是你的google账号了，自己去注册

2.提交之后就会显示两个密钥，一个是客户端的，一个是服务端的

他会提示你怎么去实现，我在这里写我用的实现方法

3.前端页面html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>谷歌ReCaptcha</title>
</head>
<body>
<button>点击我执行验证</button>

<script src="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js?render=这里写你的客户端密钥"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    const CAPTCHA_CLIENT_SECRET = "这里也写你的客户端密钥";
    window.onload = () => {
        document.querySelector('button').addEventListener('click', () => {
            grecaptcha.execute(CAPTCHA_CLIENT_SECRET, {action: 'homepage'}).then(function(token) {
                console.log('客户端token:' + token);
                fetch('/validate?token=' + token, {
                    method: 'GET'
                }).then(response => {
                    if (response.ok){
                        response.json().then(message => {
                            console.log('服务端验证');
                            console.log(message);
                        });
                    }
                });
            });
        });
    };
</script>
</body>
</html>

关键的代码

grecaptcha.execute(CAPTCHA_CLIENT_SECRET, {action: 'homepage'}).then(function(token) {    //执行请求到google去获得一个taken
    console.log('客户端token:' + token);
    fetch('/validate?token=' + token, {  //将得到的请求发送到服务端，服务端做相应的处理
        method: 'GET'
    }).then(response => {
        if (response.ok){
            response.json().then(message => {
                console.log('服务端验证');
                console.log(message);
            });
        }
    });
}

4.后端代码

@RequestMapping("/validate")
    @ResponseBody
    public String check(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String checkCode = request.getParameter("token");
        String secret = "6LdTTf8cAAAAAJnW4jipqR0t03pG-84zpPwGPXfQ";
        String param = "secret="+secret+"&response="
                + checkCode;
        String json = HttpSendUtil.instance().sendPost("https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api/siteverify", param, "UTF-8");
        return json;
    }

首先你会发现你没有这个HttpSendUtil，没关系，我有

package com.sendy.boot.controller;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;


public class HttpSendUtil {
    private HttpSendUtil() {
    }

    private static class HttpSendUtilInstance {
        private static final HttpSendUtil INSTANCE = new HttpSendUtil();
    }

    public static HttpSendUtil instance() {
        return HttpSendUtilInstance.INSTANCE;
    }

    
    public String sendPost(String sendUrl, String params, String encodType) {
        StringBuffer receive = new StringBuffer();

        HttpURLConnection URLConn = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        BufferedReader br = null;

        try {
            URL url = new URL(sendUrl);
            URLConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            URLConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
            URLConn.setDoOutput(true);
            URLConn.setDoInput(true);
            URLConn.setUseCaches(false);
            URLConn.setAllowUserInteraction(true);
            HttpURLConnection.setFollowRedirects(true);
            URLConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);

            URLConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
            URLConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(params.getBytes().length));

            DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(URLConn.getOutputStream());
            dos.writeBytes(params);

            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(URLConn.getInputStream(), encodType));

            String line;
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                receive.append(line).append("\r\n");
            }

            br.close();

        } catch (java.io.IOException e) {
            receive.append("访问产生了异常-->").append(e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (bw != null) {
                try {
                    bw.close();
                } catch (IOException ex) {
                    bw = null;
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    if (URLConn != null) {
                        URLConn.disconnect();
                        URLConn = null;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (br != null) {
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    br = null;
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                } finally {
                    if (URLConn != null) {
                        URLConn.disconnect();
                        URLConn = null;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return receive.toString();
    }
    
    public String sendGet(String sendUrl, String encodType) {
        StringBuffer receive = new StringBuffer();
        BufferedReader br = null;
        HttpURLConnection URLConn = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(sendUrl);
            URLConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

            URLConn.setDoInput(true);
            URLConn.setDoOutput(true);
            URLConn.connect();
            URLConn.getOutputStream().flush();
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(URLConn.getInputStream(), encodType));

            String line;
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                receive.append(line).append("\r\n");
            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
            receive.append("访问产生了异常-->").append(e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (br != null) {
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (java.io.IOException ex) {
                    br = null;
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    if (URLConn != null) {
                        URLConn.disconnect();
                        URLConn = null;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return receive.toString();
    }
}

上面这个代码直接用就可以