第十二届蓝桥杯

十二 蓝桥杯

problem：未使用AD/DA转化器,本题是运用温度与电压之间的关系转化出来的，给出了一次函数（嗯嗯，以后会了在补充），LED亮度不一致，L1比L2,L3,L4要亮（关于PWM，不是很会）

十二.c

#include"reg52.h"
#include"onewire.h"
#include"delay.h"
#define uchar unsigned char 
#define uint unsigned int 

sfr P4 = 0xc0;//将P3^7与P3^6引脚用P4^4与P4^2来完成

sbit a1 = P3^0;sbit a2 = P3^1;sbit a3 = P3^2;sbit a4 = P3^3;
sbit b1 = P4^4;sbit b2 = P4^2;sbit b3 = P3^5;sbit b4 = P3^4;
//将引脚重新定义名称

uchar code SMG_position[9] = {0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80};
uchar code SMG_duanma[15] = {0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xbf,0xff,0xc6,0x8c,0x88};
uchar yi,er,san,si,wu,liu,qi,ba;
uchar state=0;//显示数码管状态更换
uchar flag=0;//模式1与模式2状态更换
uchar x = 25;//初始化参数温度
uint v;//根据温度AD转化的电压值

void InitHC138(uchar channel)
{
	switch(channel)
	{
		case 4:P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0x80;break;
		case 5:P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0xa0;break;
		case 6:P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0xc0;break;
		case 7:P2 = (P2&0x1f)|0xe0;break;
	}
}

void ShowSMG_Bit(uchar dat,uchar pos)
{
	InitHC138(7);P0 = 0xff;//俗称“消影”
	InitHC138(6);P0 = SMG_position[pos];
	InitHC138(7);P0 = SMG_duanma[dat];
}

void ShowDotSMG_Bit(uchar dat,char pos)//带点段码数码管的位选
{
	InitHC138(7);P0 = 0xff;
	InitHC138(6);P0 = SMG_position[pos];
	InitHC138(7);P0 = SMG_duanma[dat]&0x7f;
}

void InitSystem()
{
	InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xff;
	InitHC138(5);P0 = 0x00;
	InitHC138(6);P0 = 0xff;
	InitHC138(7);P0 = 0xff;
}

void control_SMG()
{
	if(state == 0)
	{
		yi = 12;
		er=san=si=11;
	  wu = temp/1000;
	  liu = temp%1000/100;
	  qi = temp%100/10;
	  ba = temp%10;
		ShowDotSMG_Bit(liu,6);Delay2ms();
		InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xfd;
	}

	if(state == 1)
	{
		yi = 13;
		er=san=si=wu=liu=11;
		qi = x/10;
		ba = x%10;
		ShowSMG_Bit(liu,6);Delay2ms();
		InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xfb;
	}
	if(state == 2)
	{
		yi = 14;
		er=san=si=wu=11;
		liu = v/100;
		qi = v%100/10;
		ba = v%10;
		ShowDotSMG_Bit(liu,6);Delay2ms();
		InitHC138(4);P0 = 0xf7;
  }
}

void All_SMG()
{
	InitHC138(6);P0 = 0xff;
	InitHC138(7);P0 = 0xff;
}

void Display_SMG()//单片机运行速度非常快，只要时间小于10ms，通过人的眼睛是识别不了变化的
{
	control_SMG();
	ShowSMG_Bit(yi,1);Delay2ms();
	ShowSMG_Bit(er,2);Delay2ms();
	ShowSMG_Bit(san,3);Delay2ms();
	ShowSMG_Bit(si,4);Delay2ms();
	ShowSMG_Bit(wu,5);Delay2ms();
	ShowSMG_Bit(qi,7);Delay2ms();
	ShowSMG_Bit(ba,8);Delay2ms();
	All_SMG();Delay2ms();
}

void key_Cans()
{
	a4=0;a2=a3=a1=1;
	b1=b2=b3=b4=1;
	if(b1==0)
	{
		Delay10ms();//消抖
		if(b1==0)
		{
			switch(state)
			{
				case 0:state = 1;break;
				case 1:state = 2;break;
				case 2:state = 0;break;
			}
		}
		while(b1==0)Display_SMG();
	}
	else if(b2==0)
	{
		Delay10ms();
		if(b2==0)
		{
			if(state==1)
			{
				x--;
			}
		}
		while(b2==0)Display_SMG();
	}
	a3=0;a1=a2=a4=1;
	b1=b2=b3=b4=1;
	if(b1==0)
	{
		Delay10ms();
		if(b1==0)
		{
			switch(flag)
			{
				case 0:flag=1;break;
				case 1:flag=0;break;
			}
		}
		while(b1==0)Display_SMG();
	}
	else if(b2==0)
	{
		Delay10ms();
		if(b2==0)
		{
			if(state==1)
			{
				x++;
			}
		}
		while(b2==0)Display_SMG();
	}
}

void Change_DA()
{
	uint i;//0~65535
	if(flag==0)
	{
		InitHC138(4);
	    P0 = 0xfe;
		i = x*100;
		if(temp<i)
		{
			v=0;
		}
		else if(temp>i)
		{
			v = 500;
		}
	}
	if(flag==1)//初中数学一次函数推出温度与电压之间的关系
	{
		if(temp<=2000)
		{
			v=100;
		}
		else if(temp>2000&&temp<4000)
		{
			v = temp*0.15;
			v = v-2;
		}
		else if(temp>=4000)
		{
			v = 400;
		}
	}
}

void main()
{
	InitSystem();
	while(1)
	{
		Read_T();
		key_Cans();
		Change_DA();
		Display_SMG();
	}
}

onewire.h

#ifndef __ONEWIRE_H
#define __ONEWIRE_H

unsigned char rd_temperature(void);
bit init_ds18b20(void);
unsigned char Read_DS18B20(void);
void Write_DS18B20(unsigned char dat);
void Delay_OneWire(unsigned int t);
void Read_T();
extern unsigned int temp;//extern可以将temp存储至十二.c使用

#endif

onewire,c

//从DS18B20读取一个字节
unsigned char Read_DS18B20(void)
{
	unsigned char i;
	unsigned char dat;
  
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		DQ = 0;
		dat >>= 1;
		DQ = 1;
		if(DQ)
		{
			dat |= 0x80;
		}	    
		Delay_OneWire(20);
	}
	return dat;
}

//DS18B20设备初始化
bit init_ds18b20(void)
{
  	bit initflag = 0;
  	
  	//DQ = 1;
  	//Delay_OneWire(5);
  	DQ = 0;
  	Delay_OneWire(200);
  	DQ = 1;
  	Delay_OneWire(20); 
    initflag = DQ;     
  	Delay_OneWire(100);
  
  	return initflag;
}

void Read_T()
{
	unsigned char LSB,MSB;
	init_ds18b20();
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);//跳过ROM指令
	Write_DS18B20(0x44);//温度转化
	Delay_OneWire(100);
	init_ds18b20();
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);
	Write_DS18B20(0xbe);//读取温度
	
	LSB = Read_DS18B20();
	MSB = Read_DS18B20();
	init_ds18b20();
	
	temp = 0x0000;
	temp = MSB;
	temp = temp<<8;
	temp = temp | LSB;
	if((temp&0xf800) == 0x0000)//判断温度正负，若违反取反加1
	{
		temp = temp>>4;//移出小数部分
		temp = temp*100;
		temp = temp+(LSB&0x0f)*6.25;//采用的是数码管直接点上点党的方式，若采用浮点数计算的话会影响单片机运行速度
	}
}