一个同步辅助类,它允许一组线程互相等待,直到到达某个公共屏障点 (common barrier point)。在涉及一组固定大小的线程的程序中,这些线程必须不时地互相等待,此时 CyclicBarrier 很有用。因为该 barrier 在释放等待线程后可以重用,所以称它为循环 的 barrier。
CyclicBarrier 支持一个可选的 Runnable
命令,在一组线程中的最后一个线程到达之后(但在释放所有线程之前),该命令只在每个屏障点运行一次。若在继续所有参与线程之前更新共享状态,此屏障操作 很有用。
public class JavaCyclicBarrierExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//3 threads are part of the barrier, ServiceOne, ServiceTwo and this main thread calling them.
final CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(3);
Thread serviceOneThread = new Thread(new ServiceOne(barrier));
Thread serviceTwoThread = new Thread(new ServiceTwo(barrier));
System.out.println("Starting both the services at"+new Date());
serviceOneThread.start();
serviceTwoThread.start();
try {
barrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println("Main Thread interrupted!");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
System.out.println("Main Thread interrupted!");
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("Ending both the services at"+new Date());
}
}
public class ServiceOne implements Runnable {
private final CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
public ServiceOne(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) {
this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
}
public void run() {
System.out.println("Starting service One...");
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("Service One has finished its work... waiting for others...");
try {
cyclicBarrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println("Service one interrupted!");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
System.out.println("Service one interrupted!");
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("The wait is over, lets complete Service One!");
}
}
public class ServiceTwo implements Runnable {
private final CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
public ServiceTwo(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) {
this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
}
public void run() {
System.out.println("Starting service Two....");
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("Service Two has finished its work.. waiting for others...");
try {
cyclicBarrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println("Service one interrupted!");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
System.out.println("Service one interrupted!");
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("The wait is over, lets complete Service two!");
}
}
另外一个实例:
public class CyclicBarrierTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(3);
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
executor.submit(new Thread(new Runner(barrier, "1号选手")));
executor.submit(new Thread(new Runner(barrier, "2号选手")));
executor.submit(new Thread(new Runner(barrier, "3号选手")));
executor.shutdown();
}
}
class Runner implements Runnable {
// 一个同步辅助类,它允许一组线程互相等待,直到到达某个公共屏障点 (common barrier point)
private CyclicBarrier barrier;
private String name;
public Runner(CyclicBarrier barrier, String name) {
super();
this.barrier = barrier;
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000 * (new Random()).nextInt(8));
System.out.println(name + " 准备好了...");
// barrier的await方法,在所有参与者都已经在此 barrier 上调用 await 方法之前,将一直等待。
barrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(name + " 起跑!");
}
}