pyside6实时更新折线图

pyside6实时更新折线图

import sys
import random
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QGraphicsView, QGraphicsScene, QGraphicsItem
from PySide6.QtCore import Qt, QPointF, QRectF, QTimer
from PySide6.QtGui import QPainter, QPen, QColor, QFont

# 可滚动的线图类，用于显示数据序列
# 定义一个可滚动的线图类
class ScrollableLineGraph(QGraphicsItem):
    def __init__(self, data):
        """
        初始化线图项，设置初始显示范围和数据
        :param data: 要显示的数据列表
        """
        super().__init__()
        self.data = data
        self.current_start = 0  # 当前显示的起始索引
        self.bounding_rect = QRectF(0, 0, 600, 450)  # 线图的边界矩形

    def boundingRect(self):
        """
        返回线图的边界矩形，用于确定绘制区域
        :return: 矩形边界
        """
        return self.bounding_rect

    def paint(self, painter, option, widget):
        """
        绘制线图，包括坐标轴、刻度和数据线
        :param painter: 绘制工具
        :param option: 绘制选项
        :param widget: 关联的窗口部件
        """
        painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)  # 开启抗锯齿
        axis_pen = QPen(QColor(128, 128, 128))  # 坐标轴线颜色
        line_pen = QPen(QColor(0, 200, 100))  # 数据线颜色
        text_font = QFont()  # 字体设置

        # 绘制x轴
        painter.setPen(axis_pen)
        painter.drawLine(0, 450, 600, 450)
        # 绘制x轴刻度和标签
        for i in range(0, 50, 5):
            x = (i - self.current_start) * 12
            if 0 <= x < 600:
                painter.drawLine(x, 450, x, 455)
                painter.drawText(x - 5, 465, str(i + self.current_start))

        # 绘制y轴
        painter.drawLine(0, 0, 0, 450)
        # # 绘制y轴刻度和标签
        # for i in range(0, 11):
        #     y = 450 - 45 * i
        #     painter.drawLine(-5, y, 0, y)
        #     painter.drawText(-20, y - 5, str(i * 10))
        # # 绘制y轴刻度和标签,给每个标签添加上横向网格，网格为点状虚线
        # for i in range(0, 11):
        #     y = 450 - 45 * i
        #     # 网格为点状虚线
        #     painter.setPen(QPen(QColor(128, 128, 128), 0.5, Qt.DashLine))
        #     painter.drawLine(-5, y, 0, y)
        #     painter.drawText(-20, y - 5, str(i * 10))
        #     painter.drawLine(0, y, 600, y)
        # 假设已经初始化了painter对象等必要的准备工作

        # 定义一些常量，提高代码的可读性
        CANVAS_HEIGHT = 450
        SCALE_FACTOR = 45
        LABEL_OFFSET = -20
        GRID_LINE_WIDTH = 0.5
        GRID_LINE_COLOR = QColor(128, 128, 128)
        GRID_LINE_STYLE = Qt.DashLine
        MAX_LABELS = 10

        # 新增：封装绘制网格线和刻度标签的函数
        def draw_scale_and_grid(painter, y_position, label):
            """
            绘制y轴刻度和标签以及对应的横向网格线
            :param painter: QPainter对象，用于绘制
            :param y_position: y轴位置
            :param label: 刻度标签的文本
            """
            try:
                # 绘制网格线
                painter.setPen(QPen(GRID_LINE_COLOR, GRID_LINE_WIDTH, GRID_LINE_STYLE))
                painter.drawLine(-5, y_position, 0, y_position)

                # 绘制刻度标签
                painter.drawText(-LABEL_OFFSET, y_position - 5, label)

                # 绘制右侧网格线
                painter.drawLine(0, y_position, 600, y_position)
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error during drawing scale and grid: {e}")


        # 主绘制逻辑
        try:
            for i in range(MAX_LABELS + 1):  # 由于范围是从0到10，因此循环次数应为MAX_LABELS + 1
                y = CANVAS_HEIGHT - SCALE_FACTOR * i
                # 检查y位置是否在画布内，若不在则跳过
                if y < 0:
                    break
                label = str(i * 10)
                draw_scale_and_grid(painter, y, label)
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Unexpected error occurred: {e}")

        # 假设在这段代码的末尾，有适当的资源释放逻辑，例如painter对象的销毁等




        # 设置字体
        painter.setFont(text_font)
        # 绘制x轴和y轴标签
        painter.drawText(610, 460, "Time")
        painter.rotate(-90)
        painter.drawText(-10, 10, "Value")
        painter.rotate(90)

        # 绘制数据线
        painter.setPen(line_pen)
        painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.SmoothPixmapTransform)
        last_point = QPointF(0, 450 - self.data[self.current_start])
        for i in range(self.current_start, min(self.current_start + 50, len(self.data))):
            x = (i - self.current_start) * 12
            y = 450 - self.data[i]
            painter.drawLine(last_point, QPointF(x, y))
            last_point = QPointF(x, y)

    def scroll_right(self):
        """
        向右滚动线图，显示新的数据
        """
        self.current_start = min(len(self.data) - 50, self.current_start + 1)
        self.update()

    def scroll_left(self):
        """
        向左滚动线图，显示之前的数据
        """
        self.current_start = max(0, self.current_start - 1)
        self.update()


# 线图视图类，用于显示和交互
# 定义线图视图类
class LineGraphView(QGraphicsView):
    def __init__(self, data):
        """
        初始化线图视图，设置场景和初始数据
        :param data: 要显示的数据列表
        """
        super().__init__()
        self.scene = QGraphicsScene(self)
        self.setScene(self.scene)
        self.data_graph = ScrollableLineGraph(data)
        self.scene.addItem(self.data_graph)
        self.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)
        self.setFixedSize(800, 600)
        self.setSceneRect(0, 0, 600, 450)
        self.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt.ScrollBarAsNeeded)

        # 设置定时器，用于动态更新数据
        self.timer = QTimer(self)
        self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update_data)
        self.timer.start(500)  # 每500毫秒触发一次

    def update_data(self):
        """
        更新线图数据，添加新数据并滚动显示
        """
        new_data = random.randint(0, 400)
        self.data_graph.data.append(new_data)
        self.data_graph.current_start = max(0, len(self.data_graph.data) - 50)
        self.data_graph.update()

    def wheelEvent(self, event):
        """
        处理鼠标滚轮事件，用于滚动线图
        :param event: 鼠标事件
        """
        super().wheelEvent(event)
        if event.angleDelta().y() > 0:
            self.data_graph.scroll_left()
        else:
            self.data_graph.scroll_right()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    data = [random.randint(0, 0) for _ in range(100)]  # 生成测试数据
    graph_view = LineGraphView(data)
    graph_view.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())