hdu 1325

Is It A Tree?

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 17755    Accepted Submission(s): 3985

Problem Description

A tree is a well-known data structure that is either empty (null, void, nothing) or is a set of one or more nodes connected by directed edges between nodes satisfying the following properties. 
There is exactly one node, called the root, to which no directed edges point. 

Every node except the root has exactly one edge pointing to it. 

There is a unique sequence of directed edges from the root to each node. 

For example, consider the illustrations below, in which nodes are represented by circles and edges are represented by lines with arrowheads. The first two of these are trees, but the last is not.



In this problem you will be given several descriptions of collections of nodes connected by directed edges. For each of these you are to determine if the collection satisfies the definition of a tree or not. 

 

Input

The input will consist of a sequence of descriptions (test cases) followed by a pair of negative integers. Each test case will consist of a sequence of edge descriptions followed by a pair of zeroes Each edge description will consist of a pair of integers; the first integer identifies the node from which the edge begins, and the second integer identifies the node to which the edge is directed. Node numbers will always be greater than zero. 

 

Output

For each test case display the line ``Case k is a tree." or the line ``Case k is not a tree.", where k corresponds to the test case number (they are sequentially numbered starting with 1). 

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   6 8 5 3 5 2 6 4
5 6 0 0
8 1 7 3 6 2 8 9 7 5
7 4 7 8 7 6 0 0
3 8 6 8 6 4
5 3 5 6 5 2 0 0
-1 -1
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   Case 1 is a tree.
Case 2 is a tree.
Case 3 is not a tree.
  
  

 

Source

North Central North America 1997

 

并查集的应用

注意：成树的条件：不能成环，任意两点有且只有一条路，并且两或多个个箭头不能指向同一个点，例如:1 2 3 2 4 2 0 0；它就不是树！！

它与hdu 1272 相似，但唯一不同的是该题是有向图，而小希的迷宫这题是无向图!!

 

 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<string.h>
 #include<iostream>
 using namespace std;
 #include<algorithm>
 int bin[100005],sign,a[100005];
 int findx(int x)
 {  int r=x,f;
     while(r!=bin[r])
       r=bin[r];
        return r;
 }
 void fun(int x,int y)
 {
     int tx,ty;
     tx=findx(x);
     ty=findx(y);
     if(tx!=ty)
         bin[tx]=ty;
     else sign=1;
 }
 int main()
 {
     int n,m,i,j,sum,h=1,vis[100005],f;
     while( scanf("%d %d",&n,&m)&&n>=0&&m>=0)
     {
           f=0;
       if(n==0&&m==0){printf("Case %d is a tree.\n",h++);continue;}
         sign=0;a[f++]=m;
         memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));
         for(i=1;i<100005;i++)
            bin[i]=i;
            vis[n]=1;vis[m]=1;
           fun(n,m);
        while((m+n)!=0)
        {
            scanf("%d %d",&n,&m);
            a[f++]=m;
            if(n+m==0)break;
            vis[n]=1;vis[m]=1;
              fun(n,m);
        }
        sort(a,a+f);
        for(i=0;i<f-1;i++)
            if(a[i]==a[i+1])sign=1;//判断是否有多个箭头指向一个点！！！
        for(sum=0,j=1;j<100005;j++)
        {
            if(bin[j]==j&&vis[j])
                  sum++;
               if(sum>1){sign=1;break;}
        }
        if(sign)printf("Case %d is not a tree.\n",h);
        else printf("Case %d is a tree.\n",h);
        h++;
     }
     return 0;
 }