HttpClient的使用

PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager的官方介绍：

PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager是个更复杂的类，它管理着连接池，可以同时为很多线程提供http连接请求。Connections are pooled on a per route basis.当请求一个新的连接时，如果连接池有有可用的持久连接，连接管理器就会使用其中的一个，而不是再创建一个新的连接。

PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager维护的连接数在每个路由基础和总数上都有限制。默认，每个路由基础上的连接不超过2个，总连接数不能超过20。在实际应用中，这个限制可能会太小了，尤其是当服务器也使用Http协议时。

 

当使用了请求连接池管理器（比如PoolingClientConnectionManager）后，HttpClient就可以同时执行多个线程的请求了。

PoolingClientConnectionManager会根据它的配置来分配请求连接。如果连接池中的所有连接都被占用了，那么后续的请求就会被阻塞，直到有连接被释放回连接池中。为了防止永远阻塞的情况发生，我们可以把http.conn-manager.timeout的值设置成一个整数。如果在超时时间内，没有可用连接，就会抛出ConnectionPoolTimeoutException异常。

import java.util.Map;


import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;


public class HttpClientUtil {


	private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = null;
	private static CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
	static {
		Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create()
				// .register("https", sslsf)
				.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE).build();
		cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
		cm.setMaxTotal(200);
		cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(20);
		cm.setValidateAfterInactivity(1000);
		RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000)
				.setConnectionRequestTimeout(20000).build();
		httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).setDefaultRequestConfig(defaultRequestConfig)
				.build();
	}


	public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {


		// httpClient不能被关闭 ，如果关闭 连接池也会被关闭，就会抛出连接池关闭异常
		// httpClient只有生成一个实例对接就可以了，因为他执行请求方法时，会去从连接池去连接
		// 源码：final ConnectionRequest connRequest =
		// connManager.requestConnection(route, null);
		return httpClient;


	}


	private static void addRequestHeader(HttpUriRequest request, Map<String, String> headerMap) {
		if (headerMap == null) {
			return;
		}
		for (String headerName : headerMap.keySet()) {
			if ("Content-Length".equalsIgnoreCase(headerName)) {
				continue;
			}


			String headerValue = headerMap.get(headerName);
			request.addHeader(headerName, headerValue);
		}
	}


}

 

 测试：

 

   

public class TestHttClient {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientUtil.getHttpClient();
		// 请求方式和访问路径
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8280/IRGDD/system/hGDeviceSmokeDetectorController/findList");
		// 传送内容 以及内容格式和编码
		httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity("", ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON));

		try {
			CloseableHttpResponse execute = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			HttpEntity entity = execute.getEntity();
			// 默认编码Ios
			String s = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
			System.out.println(s);

		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

}

官网实例

CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://targethost/homepage");
CloseableHttpResponse response1 = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
// The underlying HTTP connection is still held by the response object
// to allow the response content to be streamed directly from the network socket.
// In order to ensure correct deallocation of system resources
// the user MUST call CloseableHttpResponse#close() from a finally clause.
// Please note that if response content is not fully consumed the underlying
// connection cannot be safely re-used and will be shut down and discarded
// by the connection manager. 
try {
    System.out.println(response1.getStatusLine());
    HttpEntity entity1 = response1.getEntity();
    // do something useful with the response body
    // and ensure it is fully consumed
    EntityUtils.consume(entity1); //必须关掉
} finally {
    response1.close();//必须关掉
}

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://targethost/login");
List <NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "vip"));
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "secret"));
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps));
CloseableHttpResponse response2 = httpclient.execute(httpPost);

try {
    System.out.println(response2.getStatusLine());
    HttpEntity entity2 = response2.getEntity();
    // do something useful with the response body
    // and ensure it is fully consumed
    EntityUtils.consume(entity2);
} finally {
    response2.close();
}