2. 编写类文件
· 下面开始创建一个新类:BeanFile ;包名: javamxj.spring.beanfile
BeanFile.java |
package
javamxj
.
spring
.
beanfile
;
public class BeanFile { private String beanFile = "多种方式加载Bean的配置文件" ; public void setBeanFile( String beanFile) { this .beanFile = beanFile; } public String getBeanFile() { return beanFile; } } |
· 新建Test.java,测试一下。
Test.java
package javamxj . spring . beanfile ;
import java . io . FileInputStream ;
import java . io . FileNotFoundException ;
import java . io . InputStream ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . BeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . support . BeanDefinitionRegistry ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . support . DefaultListableBeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . support . PropertiesBeanDefinitionReader ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . xml . XmlBeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . context . ApplicationContext ;
import org . springframework . context . support . ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ;
import org . springframework . core . io . ClassPathResource ;
import org . springframework . core . io . FileSystemResource ;
import org . springframework . core . io . InputStreamResource ;
import org . springframework . core . io . Resource ;
public class Test {
public static void main(String [] args) {
// 直接调用HelloBean
BeanFile bf = new BeanFile();
System .out.println(bf.getBeanFile());
InputStream is = null ;
try {
is = new FileInputStream ("bean1.xml" );
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Resource resource = new InputStreamResource(is);
sayHello(resource);
resource = new ClassPathResource("bean2.xml" );
sayHello(resource);
resource = new FileSystemResource("bean3.xml" );
sayHello(resource);
BeanDefinitionRegistry reg = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
PropertiesBeanDefinitionReader reader = new PropertiesBeanDefinitionReader(
reg);
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(new ClassPathResource("bean.properties" ));
BeanFactory factory = (BeanFactory) reg;
bf = (BeanFile) factory.getBean("beanFile" );
System .out.println("利用 " + bf.getBeanFile() + " 加载 Bean.properties" );
ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"bean4.xml" );
bf = (BeanFile) appContext.getBean("beanFile" );
System .out.println("利用 " + bf.getBeanFile() + " 加载 Bean.xml" );
}
public static void sayHello(Resource resource) {
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
BeanFile bf = (BeanFile) factory.getBean("beanFile" );
System .out.println("利用 " + bf.getBeanFile() + " 加载 Bean.xml" );
}
}
import java . io . FileInputStream ;
import java . io . FileNotFoundException ;
import java . io . InputStream ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . BeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . support . BeanDefinitionRegistry ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . support . DefaultListableBeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . support . PropertiesBeanDefinitionReader ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . xml . XmlBeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . context . ApplicationContext ;
import org . springframework . context . support . ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ;
import org . springframework . core . io . ClassPathResource ;
import org . springframework . core . io . FileSystemResource ;
import org . springframework . core . io . InputStreamResource ;
import org . springframework . core . io . Resource ;
public class Test {
public static void main(String [] args) {
// 直接调用HelloBean
BeanFile bf = new BeanFile();
System .out.println(bf.getBeanFile());
InputStream is = null ;
try {
is = new FileInputStream ("bean1.xml" );
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Resource resource = new InputStreamResource(is);
sayHello(resource);
resource = new ClassPathResource("bean2.xml" );
sayHello(resource);
resource = new FileSystemResource("bean3.xml" );
sayHello(resource);
BeanDefinitionRegistry reg = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
PropertiesBeanDefinitionReader reader = new PropertiesBeanDefinitionReader(
reg);
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(new ClassPathResource("bean.properties" ));
BeanFactory factory = (BeanFactory) reg;
bf = (BeanFile) factory.getBean("beanFile" );
System .out.println("利用 " + bf.getBeanFile() + " 加载 Bean.properties" );
ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"bean4.xml" );
bf = (BeanFile) appContext.getBean("beanFile" );
System .out.println("利用 " + bf.getBeanFile() + " 加载 Bean.xml" );
}
public static void sayHello(Resource resource) {
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
BeanFile bf = (BeanFile) factory.getBean("beanFile" );
System .out.println("利用 " + bf.getBeanFile() + " 加载 Bean.xml" );
}
}
3. 配置文件
由上面的Test.java可知,这里一共需要四个XML文件和一个Properties文件,现在分别建立。
· bean1.xml放在项目根目录下:
bean1.xml |
<?
xml
version ="1.0"
encoding =
"GBK"
?>
<! DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING/DTD BEAN/EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd" > < beans > < bean id= " beanFile " class= " javamxj.spring.beanfile.BeanFile " > < property name= " beanFile " > < value > InputStreamResource(InputStream inputStream) </ value > </ property > </ bean > </ beans > |
bean2.xml、bean3.xml、bean4.xml与bean1.xml相似,仅仅需要替换一下<value>值即可。重要的注意文件的存放位置。 这里只给出不同的代码;
· bean2.xml放在源文件夹(src)目录下:
bean2.xml(部分) |
< property name= " beanFile " > < value > ClassPathResource(String path) </ value > </ property > |
· bean3.xml放在项目根目录下:
bean3.xml(部分) |
< property name= " beanFile " >
< value > FileSystemResource(String path) </ value > </ property > |
· bean4.xml放在源文件夹(src)目录下:
bean4.xml(部分) |
< property name= " beanFile " >
< value > ApplicationContext </ value > </ property > |
Spring也可以使用属性文件来定义配置文件,如下:
· bean.properties 放在源文件夹(src)目录下:
bean.properties |
beanFile.class =javamxj.spring.beanfile.BeanFile
beanFile.beanFile =properties |
· 还需要将上文《快速上手Spring--2.HelloWorld(2) 》中的 log4j.properties复制到src目录下。
4. 运行程序
右击Test.java,运行程序,控制台输出如下:
多种方式加载Bean的配置文件
利用 InputStreamResource(InputStream inputStream) 加载 Bean.xml
利用 ClassPathResource(String path) 加载 Bean.xml
利用 FileSystemResource(String path) 加载 Bean.xml
利用 properties 加载 Bean.properties
利用 ApplicationContext 加载 Bean.xml
利用 InputStreamResource(InputStream inputStream) 加载 Bean.xml
利用 ClassPathResource(String path) 加载 Bean.xml
利用 FileSystemResource(String path) 加载 Bean.xml
利用 properties 加载 Bean.properties
利用 ApplicationContext 加载 Bean.xml
5. 小结
这篇文章主要谈论了如何加载Spring的配置文件,一般来说,就是BeanFactory和ApplicationContext。最常使用的、简单的BeanFactory实现是 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory,其加载方式为:
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(Resource resource)
这里resource必须是xml格式。 Resource 包括: AbstractResource, ClassPathResource, FileSystemResource, InputStreamResource, ServletContextResource, UrlResource。这篇文章 谈了常用的三种:ClassPathResource, FileSystemResource, InputStreamResource。
ApplicationContext包括了 BeanFactory的所有功能,也要比BeanFactory强大的多(以后会详细介绍的)。这里只简单的使用了 ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 加载了Bean配置文件。你可以将 log4j.properties中的“Warn”改为 “Debug”, 对比一下和ClassPathResource的输出,
在Eclipse中,bean2.xml、bean4xml虽然都是放在源文件夹(src)目录下,但实际上,是由已经编译好的 Test.class从类文件夹(这里是bin文件夹)中加载的。