Microsoft Enterprise Library 5.0 系列教程(四) Logging Application Block

企业库日志应用程序模块工作原理图:

 

     从上图我们可以看清楚企业库日志应用程序模块的工作原理,其中LogFilter,Trace Source,Trace Listener,Log Formatter的信息都可以在Category配置文件中反映出来,通过配置文件,调用LogWriter类的Writer方法,就可以将包含日志信息的LogEntry实体写入Category配置文件中指定的设备了.

企业库日记应用程序模块提供了下列几种记录方法:

• The event log
• An e-mail message
• A database
• A message queue
• A text file
• A Windows®Management Instrumentation (WMI) event
• Custom locationsusing application block extension points

本文介绍一下如何使用企业库日记应用程序模块向日志文件,数据库,XML文件中写入程序操作日记:

 

一.  向日志文件写入日记

1. 运行EntLibConfig.exe,选择Blocks菜单 ,单击 Add LoggingSettings .

 

 

　　2.       对每个模块进行配置: 

 

　　3.       点击 File菜单,单击 Save,保存为一个App.config文件,可以先保存到桌面,之后要用到它.

 

　　4.       创建一个新的控制台应用程序,将App.config添加到程序内,并加入需要的Dll文件,在此我们要导入的是 Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary. Logging.dll, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary. Logging.Database.dll并添加需要的引用:

 

　　添加引用:

using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary. Logging;

 

 

 

　　5.       测试:

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
static void Main( string[] args)
{
LogEntry logEntry = new LogEntry();

logEntry.EventId = 1;
logEntry.Priority = 1;
logEntry.Title = " 标题党 ";
logEntry.Message = " http://www.cnblogs.com/huangcong/ ";
logEntry.Categories.Add( " C#学习 ");
logEntry.Categories.Add( " Microsoft Enterprise Library学习 ");

Logger.Writer.Write(logEntry,  " General ");
Console.WriteLine( " 日志写入完成! ");
}
}
}

 

 

运行结果:

 

 

6.       开始—控制面板—系统和安全—查看事件日志—Windows日志—应用程序:

 

 

7.       第一个日志就是我们刚刚写入的日志啦,双击可以查看内容:

 

 

 

二.   向数据库写入日记 

1.       要将日志写入数据库,就得先新建一个日志数据库,我们可以在EntLib50Src文件夹下的Source\Blocks\Logging\Src\DatabaseTraceListener\Scripts目录中找到LoggingDatabase.sql文件,只要在数据库中运行即可自动生成一个日志数据库: 

 

为了方便大家,我直接将该文件发布在下面,大家直接复制到SQL中运行也可以:

 

/* ***** Object: Database Logging Script Date: 8/22/2005 ***** */

USE [ master ]

GO



IF EXISTS ( SELECT name  FROM master.dbo.sysdatabases  WHERE name  = N ' Logging ')

DROP DATABASE [ Logging ]

GO



CREATE DATABASE [ Logging ]

COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' autoclose ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' bulkcopy ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' trunc. log ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' torn page detection ', N ' true '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' read only ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' dbo use ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' single ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' autoshrink ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' ANSI null default ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' recursive triggers ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' ANSI nulls ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' concat null yields null ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' cursor close on commit ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' default to local cursor ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' quoted identifier ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' ANSI warnings ', N ' false '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' auto create statistics ', N ' true '

GO



exec sp_dboption N ' Logging ', N ' auto update statistics ', N ' true '

GO



use [ Logging ]

GO



SET ANSI_NULLS  ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  ON

GO

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects  WHERE id  = OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[Category] ')  AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N ' IsUserTable ')  = 1)

BEGIN

CREATE TABLE [ dbo ]. [ Category ](

[ CategoryID ] [ int ] IDENTITY( 1, 1)  NOT NULL,

[ CategoryName ] [ nvarchar ]( 64)  NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [ PK_Categories ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

[ CategoryID ] ASC

)  ON [ PRIMARY ]

)  ON [ PRIMARY ]

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  ON

GO

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects  WHERE id  = OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[CategoryLog] ')  AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N ' IsUserTable ')  = 1)

BEGIN

CREATE TABLE [ dbo ]. [ CategoryLog ](

[ CategoryLogID ] [ int ] IDENTITY( 1, 1)  NOT NULL,

[ CategoryID ] [ int ] NOT NULL,

[ LogID ] [ int ] NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [ PK_CategoryLog ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

[ CategoryLogID ] ASC

)  ON [ PRIMARY ]

)  ON [ PRIMARY ]

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  ON

GO

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects  WHERE id  = OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[Log] ')  AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N ' IsUserTable ')  = 1)

BEGIN

CREATE TABLE [ dbo ]. [ Log ](

[ LogID ] [ int ] IDENTITY( 1, 1)  NOT NULL,

[ EventID ] [ int ] NULL,

[ Priority ] [ int ] NOT NULL,

[ Severity ] [ nvarchar ]( 32)  NOT NULL,

[ Title ] [ nvarchar ]( 256)  NOT NULL,

[ Timestamp ] [ datetime ] NOT NULL,

[ MachineName ] [ nvarchar ]( 32)  NOT NULL,

[ AppDomainName ] [ nvarchar ]( 512)  NOT NULL,

[ ProcessID ] [ nvarchar ]( 256)  NOT NULL,

[ ProcessName ] [ nvarchar ]( 512)  NOT NULL,

[ ThreadName ] [ nvarchar ]( 512)  NULL,

[ Win32ThreadId ] [ nvarchar ]( 128)  NULL,

[ Message ] [ nvarchar ]( 1500)  NULL,

[ FormattedMessage ] [ ntext ] NULL,

CONSTRAINT [ PK_Log ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

[ LogID ] ASC

)  ON [ PRIMARY ]

)  ON [ PRIMARY ] TEXTIMAGE_ON  [ PRIMARY ]

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  ON

GO

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sysobjects  WHERE id  = OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[InsertCategoryLog] ')  AND type  in (N ' P ', N ' PC '))

BEGIN

EXEC dbo.sp_executesql  @statement = N ' CREATE PROCEDURE InsertCategoryLog

@CategoryID INT,

@LogID INT

AS

BEGIN

SET NOCOUNT ON;



DECLARE @CatLogID INT

SELECT @CatLogID FROM CategoryLog WHERE CategoryID=@CategoryID and LogID = @LogID

IF @CatLogID IS NULL

BEGIN

INSERT INTO CategoryLog (CategoryID, LogID) VALUES(@CategoryID, @LogID)

RETURN @@IDENTITY

END

ELSE RETURN @CatLogID

END

'

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  ON

GO

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sysobjects  WHERE id  = OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[AddCategory] ')  AND type  in (N ' P ', N ' PC '))

BEGIN

EXEC dbo.sp_executesql  @statement = N '



CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[AddCategory]

-- Add the parameters for the function here

@CategoryName nvarchar(64),

@LogID int

AS

BEGIN

SET NOCOUNT ON;

DECLARE @CatID INT

SELECT @CatID = CategoryID FROM Category WHERE CategoryName = @CategoryName

IF @CatID IS NULL

BEGIN

INSERT INTO Category (CategoryName) VALUES(@CategoryName)

SELECT @CatID = @@IDENTITY

END



EXEC InsertCategoryLog @CatID, @LogID



RETURN @CatID

END



'

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  ON

GO

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sysobjects  WHERE id  = OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[ClearLogs] ')  AND type  in (N ' P ', N ' PC '))

BEGIN

EXEC dbo.sp_executesql  @statement = N ' CREATE PROCEDURE ClearLogs

AS

BEGIN

SET NOCOUNT ON;



DELETE FROM CategoryLog

DELETE FROM [Log]

DELETE FROM Category

END

'

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  ON

GO

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sysobjects  WHERE id  = OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[WriteLog] ')  AND type  in (N ' P ', N ' PC '))

BEGIN

EXEC dbo.sp_executesql  @statement = N '







/****** Object: Stored Procedure dbo.WriteLog Script Date: 10/1/2004 3:16:36 PM ******/



CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[WriteLog]

(

@EventID int,

@Priority int,

@Severity nvarchar(32),

@Title nvarchar(256),

@Timestamp datetime,

@MachineName nvarchar(32),

@AppDomainName nvarchar(512),

@ProcessID nvarchar(256),

@ProcessName nvarchar(512),

@ThreadName nvarchar(512),

@Win32ThreadId nvarchar(128),

@Message nvarchar(1500),

@FormattedMessage ntext,

@LogId int OUTPUT

)

AS



INSERT INTO [Log] (

EventID,

Priority,

Severity,

Title,

[Timestamp],

MachineName,

AppDomainName,

ProcessID,

ProcessName,

ThreadName,

Win32ThreadId,

Message,

FormattedMessage

)

VALUES (

@EventID,

@Priority,

@Severity,

@Title,

@Timestamp,

@MachineName,

@AppDomainName,

@ProcessID,

@ProcessName,

@ThreadName,

@Win32ThreadId,

@Message,

@FormattedMessage)



SET @LogID = @@IDENTITY

RETURN @LogID







'

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS  OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  OFF

GO

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sysobjects  WHERE id  = OBJECT_ID(N ' FK_CategoryLog_Category ')  AND parent_obj  = OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[CategoryLog] '))

ALTER TABLE [ dbo ]. [ CategoryLog ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_CategoryLog_Category ] FOREIGN KEY(  [ CategoryID ])

REFERENCES [ dbo ]. [ Category ] (  [ CategoryID ])

GO

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sysobjects  WHERE id  = OBJECT_ID(N ' FK_CategoryLog_Log ')  AND parent_obj  = OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[CategoryLog] '))

ALTER TABLE [ dbo ]. [ CategoryLog ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_CategoryLog_Log ] FOREIGN KEY(  [ LogID ])

REFERENCES [ dbo ]. [ Log ] (  [ LogID ])

GO



SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  ON

SET ARITHABORT  ON

SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL  ON

SET ANSI_NULLS  ON

SET ANSI_PADDING  ON

SET ANSI_WARNINGS  ON

SET NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT  OFF

go



DECLARE @bErrors as bit



BEGIN TRANSACTION

SET @bErrors = 0



CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [ ixCategoryLog ] ON [ dbo ]. [ CategoryLog ] ( [ LogID ] ASC,  [ CategoryID ] ASC )

IF(  @@error <> 0 )  SET @bErrors = 1



IF(  @bErrors = 0 )

COMMIT TRANSACTION

ELSE

ROLLBACK TRANSACTION

 
 

2.       点击Logging Target Listeners  区块右上角的加号按钮, Add Logging Target Listeners然后点击 Add Database Listeners ,属性设置如下:

 

 

3.       File—Save,保存App.config,无需改动VS中的程序直接再次运行,运行结果如下:

 

 

4.       查看Logging数据库,可以看到刚刚写入的日志:

SELECT * FROM [ Logging ]. [ dbo ]. [ Category ]
GO
SELECT * FROM [ Logging ]. [ dbo ]. [ Log ]
GO

 

      

  

 

三.  向XML文件写入日记 

1.    创建一个XML文件,我建在上面创建好的工程目录下,命名为test.xml,点击Logging Target Listeners  区块右上角的加号按钮, Add Logging Target Listeners然后点击 Add XML Listeners ,属性设置如下:

 

 

2.       File—Save,保存App.config,无需改动VS中的程序直接再次运行,运行结果如下:

3.       打开test.xml文件,内容如图所示: