hibernate使用 自动建表

hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件内容如下，注意一点的是，当你想运行时就自动建表，而不用再到数据库用SQL来创建数据库的话，就要在<session-factory>标签内加入如下配置信息:

<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>

 

当hibernate与spring集成在一起，没有单独的hibernate.cfg.xml文件时，就要在spring配置文件里的sessionFactory标签里，配置如下信息：

<property name="hibernateProperties">
   <props>
    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
        <prop key="hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>

</props> 

</property> 

 

 

转:

首先介绍其中的一个属性hbm2ddl.auto，这个就是这个方案的核心属性，有四个值：create，create-drop，update，validate。它的含义如下：

<!-- 启动时删数据库中的表，然后创建，退出时不删除数据表
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property> -->
<!-- 启动时删数据库中的表，然后创建，退出时自动删除所有表
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create-drop</property> -->
<!-- 自动修改，如果表结构与实体类不一致，那么就修改表使它们一致，数据会保留
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> -->
<!-- 自动校验，如果表结构与实体类不一致，那么不做任何操作，报错
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">validate</property> -->

 

 

hibernate.cfg.xml代码

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. --> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- 各属性的配置--> <!-- 启动时删数据库中的表，然后创建，退出时不删除数据表，如果没有下面的属性的话，那么要手动写sql语句来建表，才能进行数据库的操作--> <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property> <!--为true表示将Hibernate发送给数据库的sql显示出来 --> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <!-- SQL方言，这边设定的是MySQL --> <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property> <!-- 一次读的数据库记录数 --> <property name="jdbc.fetch_size">50</property> <!-- 设定对数据库进行批量删除 --> <property name="jdbc.batch_size">30</property> <!--驱动程序--> <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <!-- JDBC URL --> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/testWTB?characterEncoding=gb2312</property> <!-- 数据库用户名--> <property name="connection.username">root</property> <!-- 数据库密码--> <property name="connection.password"></property> <!--映射文件 --> <!-- <mapping resource="com/amigo/pojo/User.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="com/amigo/pojo/Org.hbm.xml" /> --> <mapping class="com.ajax.employee.model.Employee"/> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>

 

实体类Employee.java

package com.ajax.employee.model; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; import javax.persistence.TableGenerator; @Entity @Table(name = "EMPLOYEE") public class Employee implements java.io.Serializable{ private Integer employee_id; //人员ID（主键） private String employee_name; //人员姓名 private String sex; //性别 private String birthday; //出生日期 private String address; //地址 @Id @Column(name = "EMPLOYEE_ID") @TableGenerator( name="tab-store",//产生器的名字，也就是下面的generator的名字 table="GENERATOR_TABLE",//产生器的table名 pkColumnName = "G_KEY",//与employee这张表关联的外键列名 pkColumnValue="EMPLOYEE_PK",//向这generator表的这个与employee表关联的列的值赋为EMPLOYEE_PK valueColumnName = "G_VALUE",//外键参考的值 allocationSize=1//产生器表的初始值，这个值是指id的初始值，当插入第一条记录后，那么这条记录分配到的id值为1,而在generator_table表里的G_VALUE一栏的值变为2，即它是下一次插入记录的id准备值 ) @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.TABLE,generator="tab-store")//用表产生器来产生id值，这样会在数据新建表产生器表，产生器表记录只有一条，很简单，只用来记录下一个分配出去id值为多少 // @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) public Integer getEmployee_id() { return employee_id; } public void setEmployee_id(Integer employee_id) { this.employee_id = employee_id; } public String getEmployee_name() { return employee_name; } public void setEmployee_name(String employee_name) { this.employee_name = employee_name; } public String getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(String sex) { this.sex = sex; } public String getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(String birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } }

 

DAO类：

package com.ajax.core; import java.io.Serializable; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.Transaction; /** * 抽象Dao类，用于持久化操作 * @author 菠萝大象 * @version 1.0 */ public abstract class BaseDao<T> { private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(BaseDao.class); /** * 获取Hibernate的Session对象 */ public Session getSession(){ return HibernateSessionFactory.getSession(); } /** * 根据主键得到对象 */ public T getObject(Class clazz, Serializable id){ return (T)getSession().get(clazz, id); } /** * 保存对象 */ public void saveObject(T t) { Session session = getSession(); Transaction tx = beginTransaction(session); try{ session.saveOrUpdate(t); tx.commit(); }catch(Exception e){ tx.rollback(); log.error("保存对象失败"); } } /** * 更新对象 */ public void updateObject(T t){ Session session = getSession(); Transaction tx = beginTransaction(session); try{ session.update(t); tx.commit(); }catch(Exception e){ tx.rollback(); log.error("更新对象失败"); } } /** * 删除对象 */ public void removeObject(T t) { Session session = getSession(); Transaction tx = beginTransaction(session); try{ session.delete(t); tx.commit(); }catch(Exception e){ tx.rollback(); log.error("删除对象失败"); } } /** * 根据主键删除对象 */ public void removeObject(Class clazz, Serializable id){ Session session = getSession(); Transaction tx = beginTransaction(session); try{ session.delete(getObject(clazz, id)); tx.commit(); }catch(Exception e){ tx.rollback(); log.error("根据主键删除对象失败"); } } /** * 创建事务 */ private Transaction beginTransaction(Session session){ return session.beginTransaction(); } }

 

 HibernateSessionFactory.java

package com.ajax.core; import org.hibernate.HibernateException; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; /** * Configures and provides access to Hibernate sessions, tied to the * current thread of execution. Follows the Thread Local Session * pattern, see {@link http://hibernate.org/42.html }. */ public class HibernateSessionFactory { /** * Location of hibernate.cfg.xml file. * Location should be on the classpath as Hibernate uses * #resourceAsStream style lookup for its configuration file. * The default classpath location of the hibernate config file is * in the default package. Use #setConfigFile() to update * the location of the configuration file for the current session. */ private static String CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION = "/hibernate.cfg.xml"; private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>(); private static AnnotationConfiguration configuration = new AnnotationConfiguration(); //这里需要修改 private static org.hibernate.SessionFactory sessionFactory; private static String configFile = CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION; static { try { configuration.configure(configFile); sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(); } catch (Exception e) { System.err .println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%"); e.printStackTrace(); } } private HibernateSessionFactory() { } /** * Returns the ThreadLocal Session instance. Lazy initialize * the <code>SessionFactory</code> if needed. * * @return Session * @throws HibernateException */ public static Session getSession() throws HibernateException { Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get(); if (session == null || !session.isOpen()) { if (sessionFactory == null) { rebuildSessionFactory(); } session = (sessionFactory != null) ? sessionFactory.openSession() : null; threadLocal.set(session); } return session; } /** * Rebuild hibernate session factory * */ public static void rebuildSessionFactory() { try { configuration.configure(configFile); sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%"); e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * Close the single hibernate session instance. * * @throws HibernateException */ public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException { Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get(); threadLocal.set(null); if (session != null) { session.close(); } } /** * return session factory * */ public static org.hibernate.SessionFactory getSessionFactory() { return sessionFactory; } /** * return session factory * * session factory will be rebuilded in the next call */ public static void setConfigFile(String configFile) { HibernateSessionFactory.configFile = configFile; sessionFactory = null; } /** * return hibernate configuration * */ public static Configuration getConfiguration() { return configuration; } }

 

由于使用到hibernate注解方式，所以这里在用到hibernate-annotations-3.3.0.jar和hibernate-commons-

annotations-3.0.0.jar包，还需要如下的包(具体的版本可以选择最新的):
asm-1.5.3.jar
cglib-2.1.3.jar
commons-collections-2.1.1.jar
commons-lang-2.1.jar
commons-logging-1.1.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate3-3.2.5.jar
mysql-connector.jar

使用上面方式就可以构建简单的hibernate访问数据库了。