Spring框架概述
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Spring是轻量级的开源的JavaEE框架。
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Spring可以解决企业应用开发的复杂性。
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Spring有两个核心部分:IOC和Aop。
(1)IOC: 控制反转把创建对象的过程交给Spring进行管理。 (2)Aop:面向切面,不修改源代码的情况下进行功能修改。
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Spring特点
(1)方便解耦,简化开发 (2)Aop支持 (3)方便程序测试 (4)方便和其他框架进行整合 (5)方便进行事务操作 (6)降低API开发难度
入门案例
下载Spring
下载链接:https://repo.spring.io/release/org/springframework/spring/.
创建Maven项目
- 引用相关依赖-在pom.xml中添加
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
<version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
- 创建一个普通的类。
public class User {
public void hello(){
System.out.println("hello spring5");
}
}
- 创建spring配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--配置User对象创建-->
<bean id="user" class="com.znb.spring5.User"></bean>
</beans>
- 编写测试代码
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class UserTest extends TestCase {
public void testHello() {
//1. 加载spring配置文件
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean1.xml");
//2. 获取配置创建的对象
User user = context.getBean("user", User.class);
System.out.println(user);
user.hello();
}
}
- 测试结果