12. SpringMVC-拦截器

一、拦截器的配置

1. SpringMVC中的拦截器用于拦截控制器方法的执行
2. SpringMVC中的拦截器需要实现HandlerInterceptor

/**
 * 1. 拦截器 实现HandlerInterceptor接口
 * ctrl+o 实现方法重写
 * 2. 配置拦截器
 */
@Component
public class FirstInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
}

3. SpringMVC的拦截器必须在SpringMVC的配置文件中进行配置：

 	<!--配置拦截器-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <ref bean="firstInterceptor"></ref>
        <ref bean="secondInterceptor"></ref>

        <!--对当前所有请求进行拦截-->
        <!--<bean class="com.znb.mvc.interceptors.FirstInterceptor"></bean>-->
        <!--<ref bean="firstInterceptor"></ref>-->

        <!--可以设置当前的拦截路径-->
       <!-- <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/"/>
            <ref bean="firstInterceptor"></ref>
        </mvc:interceptor>-->
    </mvc:interceptors>

二、拦截器的三个抽象方法

1. preHandle：控制器方法执行之前执行preHandle()，其boolean类型的返回值表示是否拦截或放行，返回true为放行，即调用控制器方法；返回false表示拦截，即不调用控制器方法

	@Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("FirstInterceptor pre");
        return HandlerInterceptor.super.preHandle(request, response, handler);
    }

2. postHandle：控制器方法执行之后执行postHandle()

	@Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor.super.postHandle(request, response, handler, modelAndView);
        System.out.println("FirstInterceptor post");
    }

3. afterComplation：处理完视图和模型数据，渲染视图完毕之后执行afterComplation()

	@Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor.super.afterCompletion(request, response, handler, ex);
        System.out.println("FirstInterceptor after");
    }

三、多个拦截器的执行顺序

设置两个拦截器

1. FirstInterceptor

@Component
public class FirstInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    /**
     * 在控制器方法之前执行
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @param handler
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("FirstInterceptor pre");
        return HandlerInterceptor.super.preHandle(request, response, handler);
    }

    /**
     * 在控制器方法之后执行
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @param handler
     * @param modelAndView
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor.super.postHandle(request, response, handler, modelAndView);
        System.out.println("FirstInterceptor post");
    }

    /**
     * 在视图渲染之后执行
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @param handler
     * @param ex
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor.super.afterCompletion(request, response, handler, ex);
        System.out.println("FirstInterceptor after");
    }
}

2. SecondInterceptor

@Component
public class SecondInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("SecondInterceptor pre");
        return HandlerInterceptor.super.preHandle(request, response, handler);
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor.super.postHandle(request, response, handler, modelAndView);
        System.out.println("SecondInterceptor post");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor.super.afterCompletion(request, response, handler, ex);
        System.out.println("SecondInterceptor after");
    }
}

1. 若每个拦截器的preHandle()都返回true

1. preHandle按照配置文件中的顺序执行。
2. postHandle按照配置文件中的反序执行。
3. afterCompletion按照配置文件中的反序执行。
   

2. 若某个拦截器的preHandle()返回了false

1. 第二个拦截器的preHandle()方法返回了false
   

2. 总结,某个拦截器的preHandle()返回了false

    该拦截器之前的所有preHandle()方法都执行，该拦截器的方法也会执行。
    所有拦截器的postHandle()方法都不执行
    该拦截器之前的afterCompletion()方法，逆序执行
   

3. preHandle()返回false和它之前的拦截器的preHandle()都会执行，postHandle()都不执行，返回false的拦截器之前的拦截器的afterComplation()会执行。