<ScrollView
android:id="@+id/scroll_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_header"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="300dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Header"/>
<android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
android:id="@+id/tab_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:tabBackground="@android:color/white"
app:tabIndicatorColor="@color/colorPrimary"
app:tabIndicatorHeight="1dp"
app:tabMode="fixed"
app:tabSelectedTextColor="@color/colorPrimary"
app:tabTextColor="@android:color/black"/>
<ViewPager
android:id="@+id/view_pager"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
以上布局的方式(ScrollView嵌套ViewPager),在默认情况下是达不到我们想要的效果,整个ViewPager是无法显示的,网上已经有很多解决方案,但很少有文章解释为什么要这样修改,是什么原因造成ViewPager显示不了,现在我们从源码的角度来分析问题的所在。
既然是无法显示,那可能是在ViewPager测量过程中出现了异常,可以先从源码看下ViewPager在onMeasure方法是如何构成的
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
// For simple implementation, our internal size is always 0.
// We depend on the container to specify the layout size of
// our view. We can't really know what it is since we will be
// adding and removing different arbitrary views and do not
// want the layout to change as this happens.
setMeasuredDimension(getDefaultSize(0, widthMeasureSpec),
getDefaultSize(0, heightMeasureSpec));
……………………
省略
}
在onMeasure方法内中通过setMeasuredDimension方法设置测量的宽高,而View的测量具体值,是在getDefaultSize方法中得到的,接下来看看源码
public static int getDefaultSize(int size, int measureSpec) {
int result = size;
int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);
switch (specMode) {
case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
result = size;
break;
case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
result = specSize;
break;
}
return result;
}
在onMeasure方法中,getDefaultSize传入两个参数,一个大小size,另外一个测量规格measureSpec,而传入的size的值是为0,在getDefaultSize方法内,可以看出在UNSPECIFIED测量模式 下,getDefaultSize返回值是0,而这个返回值就是我们想要的宽或高。所以在此猜测是UNSPECIFIED测量模式而导致的,可能有人会问,我明明在布局中给ViewPager设置的match_parent属性,是一个精确测量模式EXACTLY,这么突然变成了UNSPECIFIED模式了。
我们知道ViewGroup的measure测量过程是一个递归过程,它会在父元素中的onMeasure方法中,遍历所有的子元素进行对子元素逐个measure测量,而父元素的测量规格MeasureSpec同时也会影响到子元素的测量规格MeasureSpec;我们可以从ScrollView的onMeasure源码可以看出
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
if (!mFillViewport) {
return;
}
final int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
return;
}
……省略
}
我们进入super.onMeasure方法中,再去看看具体
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
int count = getChildCount();
final boolean measureMatchParentChildren =
MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ||
MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
mMatchParentChildren.clear();
int maxHeight = 0;
int maxWidth = 0;
int childState = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
final View child = getChildAt(i);
if (mMeasureAllChildren || child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
//这个方法很重要,是用测量子view的大小
measureChildWithMargins(child, widthMeasureSpec, 0, heightMeasureSpec, 0);
final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth,
child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin);
maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight,
child.getMeasuredHeight() + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin);
childState = combineMeasuredStates(childState, child.getMeasuredState());
if (measureMatchParentChildren) {
if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT ||
lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
mMatchParentChildren.add(child);
}
}
}
}
……省略
}
从上面的源码可以看出,ScrollView的onMeasure方法内通过for循环遍历子view,通过measureChildWithMargins方法来实现子View的测量工作,我们再点进measureChildWithMargins方法内看看细节
protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child,
int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed,
int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) {
final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin
+ widthUsed, lp.width);
final int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec,
mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin
+ heightUsed, lp.height);
child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
}
从上面的代码可知,会根据父元素的parentWidthMeasureSpec、parentHeightMeasureSpec的测量规格,得到子元素的childWidthMeasureSpec 、childHeightMeasureSpec 测量规格,在其过程中并未改变子元素的测量模式,其实这时候我们看到measureChildWithMargins这个方法是ViewGroup的标准测量过程,而ScrollView已经对measureChildWithMargins方法进行重写了,接下来看看ScrollView的重写后的measureChildWithMargins方法
@Override
protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child, int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed,
int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) {
final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin
+ widthUsed, lp.width);
final int childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(
lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
}
从源码可知,在构建子元素的高度测量规格childHeightMeasureSpec 时,已经把子元素的测量模式设置成了UNSPECIFIED模式了,由此可知,ViewPager的高度测量模式实际上是UNSPECIFIED,并非我们在布局上设置match_parent属性了,此时再去看getDefaultSize方法会很明了了,知道问题所在。
解决思路
给ViewPager的设置一个具体的高度值,有两种方式
1> 通过view.post(runnable)或者ViewTreeObserver方法中设置具体值
this.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
@Override
public void onGlobalLayout() {
StickHeadScrollView.this.getViewTreeObserver().removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(this);
nestedContent.getLayoutParams().height = StickHeadScrollView.this.getHeight() - headView.getHeight();
nestedContent.requestLayout();
}
});
2> 重写ViewPager的onMeasure方法
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
int childCount = getChildCount();
int h=0;
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
View child = getChildAt(i);
//1.测量子View的宽高
child.measure(widthMeasureSpec,MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED));
//2.获取view的高度
int measuredHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight();
//3.取所有的子View中的高度最高的那个
if (measuredHeight>h){
h =measuredHeight;
}
Log.d(TAG, "onMeasure: "+measuredHeight);
}
//4、最后设置高度的测量模式为EXACTLY
heightMeasureSpec= MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(h,MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
子元素如果是match_parent属性,是无法得到子元素的高度值,如果想得到子元素的值,前提必须知道父元素的剩余空间是多少,而此时父元素的剩余空间我们是无法获取的,因为在父元素中onMeasure方法中,还在遍历测量子元素,子元素都还在测量中,是获取不到父元素的具体值的。