Spring MVC 小结

一、环境搭建
1、web.xml 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>pro name</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>pro name</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

 <!-- 统一编码的配置语句 start-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <!-- end -->
</web-app>

2、servlet-XML配置文件

<beans              **xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"** 
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
        **http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"**
>


</beans>

3、InternalResourceViewResolver方式解析时，配置文件的书写方式

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- prefix代表前缀 suffix代表后缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

controller类示例

protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest arg0,
            HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Welcome");
        return new ModelAndView("welcome");
    }

4、使用默认注解方式解析，配置文件的书写方式

    <!-- 注解扫描器  -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="test.dayone.controller"/>
    <!-- 上方加粗部分为此标签需引用的地址  -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

controller类示例

@RequestMapping("/welcome")
    public String welcome(){
        System.out.println("welcome");
        return "welcome";
    }

二、view → controller传值
1、使用@RequestParam方式传值

@RequestMapping({"/hello","/"})
    public String hello(@RequestParam("username") String username){
        System.out.println("hello");
        System.out.println(username);
        return "hello";
    }

注意：使用此方法传值时，参数默认是地址的一部分，此时若不传参，则会报404错误（可以用于传必不可少的参数）
2、直接传值，即使用函数参数传值

@RequestMapping({"/hello","/"})
    public String hello(String username){
        System.out.println("hello");
        System.out.println(username);
        return "hello";
    }

三、controller → view传值
1、使用Map 传值

@RequestMapping({"/hello","/"})
    public String hello(String username, Map(String,Object) context){
        System.out.println("hello");
        context.put("username",username);
        System.out.println(username);
        return "hello";
    }

jsp页面：

hello ${username} !!!

2、使用Model传值
I、键值对

@RequestMapping({"/hello","/"})
    public String hello(String username,Model model){
        System.out.println("hello");
        model.addAttribute("username",username);
        System.out.println(username);
        return "hello";
    }

jsp页面：

hello ${username} !!!

II、只传值的情况

@RequestMapping({"/hello","/"})
    public String hello(String username,Model model){
        System.out.println("hello");
        //此时的key，默认是使用对象的类型作为key
        model.addAttribute(username);
        System.out.println(username);
        return "hello";
    }