JavaMail发送邮件

最新推荐文章于 2019-05-14 13:49:13 发布

Cynthea

最新推荐文章于 2019-05-14 13:49:13 发布

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： java发送邮件 JavaMail

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/igiphons/article/details/9835897

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当我们注册一个网站的时候，往往要通过邮件验证才可注册成功；或者我们忘记密码时，网站就会通过您的邮箱给您发送一份邮件，将密码告诉你。这些系统自动发送邮件的操作都可以通过Java中的JavaMail完成。

项目的结构如下：

######################################################################
MyAuthenticator.java
######################################################################

package bean;


import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;


public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator { 
    private String userName; 
    private String password; 
 
    public MyAuthenticator(String userName, String password){ 
        this.userName= userName; 
        this.password= password; 
    } 
 
    @Override 
    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { 
        return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password); 
    } 
}

######################################################################
RegisterServlet.java
######################################################################

package control;
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.util.Date; 
import java.util.Properties; 
 
import javax.mail.Address; 
import javax.mail.Authenticator; 
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType; 
import javax.mail.MessagingException; 
import javax.mail.Transport; 
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; 
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 
import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; 

import bean.MyAuthenticator;   
 
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet { 
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 
 
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException {
       
        //获取前台用户输入的邮箱以及用户名
        String toMail = request.getParameter("email"); 
        String registerName = request.getParameter("userName"); 
         
        // 创建一个临时用户注册ID
        String registerId = "" + Math.random() * Math.random(); 

        //邮件发送成功后，用户点在邮箱中点击这个链接回到注册网站。        
        String url = "http://localhost:8080/JavaMailChecker/servlet/MailBackServlet?registerId=" + registerId;
         
        // 设置session值，将用户ID和用户名保存在session值中
        HttpSession httpSession = request.getSession(); 
        httpSession.setAttribute(registerId, registerName); 
        // 设置session的有效时间，为10分钟，10分钟内没有点击链接的话，注册将失败
        httpSession.setMaxInactiveInterval(600); 
         
        // 设置邮箱的属性
        Properties props = new Properties();
        // 若发送者的邮箱为其他服务器，例如163邮箱的话，就将下面服务器的值改为smtp.163.com
        props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com"); 
        props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); 

        // 设置验证值，发送者的邮箱要通过验证才可以发送邮件
        // 设置发送者的邮箱和密码，对其进行修改
        String userName = "aaaa@qq.com"; 
        String password = "00000000"; 
        Authenticator authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(userName, password); 
         
        javax.mail.Session session = javax.mail.Session.getDefaultInstance(props,authenticator); 
        session.setDebug(true); 
         
        try{ 
                    Address from = new InternetAddress(userName); 
                    Address to = new InternetAddress(toMail); 
                     
                    MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session); 
                    msg.setFrom(from); 
                    msg.setSubject("###网站注册"); 
                    msg.setSentDate(new Date()); 
                    msg.setContent("点击<a href='" + url + "'>" + url + "</a>完成注册！", "text/html;charset=utf-8"); 
                    msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, to);  
                    Transport.send(msg); 

        } catch(MessagingException e){ 
            e.printStackTrace(); 
        } 
         
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/sendMailSuccess.jsp").forward(request, response); 
    } 
 
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException { 
        doGet(request, response); 
    } 
}

######################################################################
MailBackServlet.java
######################################################################

package control;
import java.io.IOException; 

import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
 
public class MailBackServlet extends HttpServlet { 
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 
 
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException { 
        String registerID = request.getParameter("registerId"); 
        if(registerID == null){ 
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request,response); 
            return ; 
        } 
         
        String registerName = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute(registerID); 
         // 如果session设置的有限时间过期，则注册不成功，直接返回
        if(registerName == null || registerName.equals("")){ 
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request,response); 
            return ; 
        } 
         
        request.setAttribute("registerName", registerName); 
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/registSuccess.jsp").forward(request,response); 
    } 
 
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException { 
        doGet(request, response); 
    } 
}

######################################################################
index.jsp
######################################################################

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
 
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 
<html> 
  <head> 
    <title>用户注册利用邮箱进行验证</title> 
  </head> 
  <body> 
  <br/> 
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/servlet/RegisterServlet" method="post"> 
        <font size="24" color="red">用户注册</font/><br/>
           邮箱:<input type="text" name="email" /><br/>
           昵称:<input type="text" name="userName" /><br/> 
        <input type="submit" value="submit" /><br/>
    </form> 
  </body> 
</html>

######################################################################
registSuccess.jsp
######################################################################

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 
<html> 
  <head> 
    <title>注册成功</title>
  </head>  
  <body> 
         您好，${registerName }  ，注册成功，正在跳转....<br/>     
  </body> 
</html>

######################################################################
sendMailSuccess.jsp
######################################################################

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 
<html> 
  <head>
      <base href="<%=basePath%>">
      <title>邮件已发送</title>
  </head>  
  <body>
       请在10分钟之内登录邮箱，点击链接完成注册.<br>
  </body>
</html>

############################################################################################################################

1、如果出现上述错误，那么你要检查你的源邮箱中的SMTP/POP3服务是否开启，

########################## Console ##########################

DEBUG: setDebug: JavaMail version 1.3
DEBUG: getProvider() returning javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport,Sun Microsystems, Inc]
DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth true
DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth true

DEBUG: SMTPTransport trying to connect to host "smtp.qq.com", port 25

DEBUG SMTP RCVD: 220 smtp.qq.com Esmtp QQ Mail Server

DEBUG: SMTPTransport connected to host "smtp.qq.com", port: 25

DEBUG SMTP SENT: EHLO O8NUWIZBJXNTYWH
DEBUG SMTP RCVD: 250-smtp.qq.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 52428800
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
250-AUTH=LOGIN
250-MAILCOMPRESS
250 8BITMIME

DEBUG SMTP Found extension "PIPELINING", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP Found extension "SIZE", arg "52428800"
DEBUG SMTP Found extension "AUTH", arg "LOGIN PLAIN"
DEBUG SMTP Found extension "AUTH=LOGIN", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP Found extension "MAILCOMPRESS", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP Found extension "8BITMIME", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Attempt to authenticate
DEBUG SMTP SENT: AUTH LOGIN
DEBUG SMTP RCVD: 334 VXNlcm5hbWU6

DEBUG SMTP SENT: NTY5MjA0MjM3QHFxLmNvbQ==
DEBUG SMTP RCVD: 334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6

DEBUG SMTP SENT: MTk4ODEwMjgq
DEBUG SMTP RCVD: 454 Authentication failed, please open smtp flag first!

javax.mail.SendFailedException: Sending failed;
nested exception is:
class javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException
at javax.mail.Transport.send0(Transport.java:218)
at javax.mail.Transport.send(Transport.java:80)
at control.RegisterServlet.doGet(RegisterServlet.java:65)

·····

############################################################################################################################

下面是qq邮箱中的设置：

2、如果是刚刚注册的邮箱将会出错，因为刚刚注册的邮箱SMTP服务并没有打开，在qq邮箱中会有提示，注册14天之后才可以设置SMTP打开。

QQ邮箱的POP3与SMTP服务器是什么？

QQ邮箱 POP3 和 SMTP 服务器地址设置如下：

邮箱	POP3服务器（端口110）	SMTP服务器（端口25）
qq.com	pop.qq.com	smtp.qq.com

SMTP服务器需要身份验证。

如果是设置POP3和SMTP的SSL加密方式，则端口如下：

POP3服务器（端口995）

SMTP服务器（端口465或587）。

搜狐邮箱服务器： pop.sohu.com
                               smtp.sohu.com

网易邮箱服务器： pop.163.com
                               smtp.163.com

新浪邮箱服务器： pop.sina.com
                               smtp.sina.com