Java--配置Maven3.6和Spring boot构建Web项目

iamcool345

已于 2023-09-24 15:40:39 修改

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于 2019-04-15 21:13:55 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/iamcool345/article/details/89319433

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最新的Maven3.6联合Spring boot构建Java Web项目已经非常方便了，只需下载Maven3.6即可开始进行构建。

首先，确保系统安装了JDK：

[supervisor@localhost ~]$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_201"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201-b09)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.201-b09, mixed mode)

下载Maven3.6.1：

[supervisor@localhost ~]$ wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.6.1/binaries/apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz
--2019-04-15 20:04:34--  http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.6.1/binaries/apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz
正在解析主机 mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)... 101.6.8.193, 2402:f000:1:408:8100::1
正在连接 mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.8.193|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：9136463 (8.7M) [application/x-gzip]
正在保存至: “apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz”

100%[================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 9,136,463    391KB/s 用时 15s

2019-04-15 20:04:49 (604 KB/s) - 已保存 “apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz” [9136463/9136463])

将Maven安装包下载到/usr/java/

[supervisor@localhost ~]$ sudo mv apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz /usr/java/.
[supervisor@localhost java]$ cd /usr/java
[supervisor@localhost java]$ sudo tar zxvf apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz
[supervisor@localhost java]$ sudo mv apache-maven-3.6.1 apache-maven #目录改为apache-maven
[supervisor@localhost java]$ sudo vim /etc/profile #修改环境变量

在/etc/profile文件最后添加如下语句

 78 #JAVA Environment
 79 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0
 80 export M2_HOME=/usr/java/apache-maven
 81 export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/rt.jar:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/dt.jar:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar
 82 export PATH=$PATH:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${M2_HOME}/bin
 83

[supervisor@localhost java]$ su root
[root@localhost java]$ source /etc/profile #使环境变量配置立即生效
[root@localhost java]$ exit
[supervisor@localhost java]$ mvn -v #maven安装成功，显示版本信息
Apache Maven 3.6.1 (d66c9c0b3152b2e69ee9bac180bb8fcc8e6af555; 2019-04-05T03:00:29+08:00)
Maven home: /usr/java/apache-maven
Java version: 1.8.0_201, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /usr/java/jdk1.8.0/jre
Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"

在项目目录下新建一个项目，并建立项目各子目录：

[supervisor@localhost projects]$ mkdir myproject
[supervisor@localhost projects]$ cd myproject/
[supervisor@localhost myproject]$ mkdir -p src/main/java/Example

在myproject目录下新建pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.Example</groupId>
  <artifactId>myproject</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.9</version>
  </parent>
  <dependencies>
        <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

输入命令mvn dependency:tree

maven将下载相关依赖项，注意不要修改maven中央仓库至阿里云，有些依赖项在阿里云上找不到，项目Build将会失败。阿里云中央仓库镜像地址：https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central

Spring Boot引入了Starter的概念，本例中spring-boot-starter-web就是一个Starter，Spring Boot将会生成一个Web应用。

经过一段时间的下载，最终显示Build成功，列出依赖项的Tree：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------------< com.Example:myproject >------------------------
[INFO] Building myproject 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:3.1.1:tree (default-cli) @ myproject ---
[INFO] com.Example:myproject:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO]    |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO]    |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.26:compile
[INFO]    |  |  +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-to-slf4j:jar:2.11.2:compile
[INFO]    |  |  |  \- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.11.2:compile
[INFO]    |  |  \- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.26:compile
[INFO]    |  +- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:jar:1.3.2:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.23:runtime
[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-json:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.9.0:compile
[INFO]    |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jdk8:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jsr310:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:2.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:9.0.17:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:9.0.17:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:9.0.17:compile
[INFO]    +- org.hibernate.validator:hibernate-validator:jar:6.0.16.Final:compile
[INFO]    |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:2.0.1.Final:compile
[INFO]    |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.2.Final:compile
[INFO]    |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.4.0:compile
[INFO]    +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    |  \- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]    \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]       +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]       +- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO]       \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:5.1.6.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  12.270 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-04-15T20:42:09+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

这个过程实际上maven将项目所需的spring,tomcat,log4j 和相关的jboss工具以及其他一些相关的依赖项都下载并安装配置好了。

接下来建立一个新文件src/main/java/Example/Example.java

import org.springframework.boot.*;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.*;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

@RestController
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Example {

        @RequestMapping("/")
        String home() {
                return "Hello World!";
        }

        public static void main(String[] args) {
                SpringApplication.run(Example.class, args);
        }

}

在myproject目录下输入 mvn spring-boot:run

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------------< com.Example:myproject >------------------------
[INFO] Building myproject 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.1.4.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ myproject >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:resources (default-resources) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /alidata/projects/myproject/src/main/resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /alidata/projects/myproject/src/main/resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:compile (default-compile) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:testResources (default-testResources) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /alidata/projects/myproject/src/test/resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ myproject ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.1.4.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ myproject <<<
[INFO]
[INFO]
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.1.4.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ myproject ---

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.4.RELEASE)

2019-04-15 20:57:38.187  INFO 438 --- [           main] Example                                  : Starting Example with PID 438 (/alidata/projects/myproject/target/classes started by root in /alidata/projects/myproject)
2019-04-15 20:57:38.239  INFO 438 --- [           main] Example                                  : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2019-04-15 20:57:44.743  INFO 438 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2019-04-15 20:57:45.021  INFO 438 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2019-04-15 20:57:45.022  INFO 438 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.17]
2019-04-15 20:57:46.409  INFO 438 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2019-04-15 20:57:46.410  INFO 438 --- [           main] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 7838 ms
2019-04-15 20:57:47.900  INFO 438 --- [           main] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
2019-04-15 20:57:50.623  INFO 438 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2019-04-15 20:57:50.682  INFO 438 --- [           main] Example                                  : Started Example in 14.93 seconds (JVM running for 33.934)
2019-04-15 20:58:09.252  INFO 438 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2019-04-15 20:58:09.253  INFO 438 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2019-04-15 20:58:09.294  INFO 438 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 41 ms

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Java--配置Maven3.6和Spring boot构建Web项目

最新的Maven3.6联合Spring boot构建Java Web项目已经非常方便了，只需下载Maven3.6即可开始进行构建。首先，确保系统安装了JDK：[supervisor@localhost ~]$ java -versionjava version "1.8.0_201"Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201...
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