【go】剑指offer07_重建二叉树

题目描述

输入某二叉树的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果，请重建该二叉树。假设输入的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果中都不含重复的数字。

例如，给出

前序遍历 preorder = [3,9,20,15,7]
中序遍历 inorder = [9,3,15,20,7]
返回如下的二叉树：

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

限制：

0 <= 节点个数 <= 5000

我的解题思路：利用前序遍历和中序遍历的特点，前序遍历第一个值为二叉树根节点，根据根节点找中序遍历中的对应值下标，下标之前为左子树，之后为右子树，再递归即可

func buildTree(preorder []int, inorder []int) *TreeNode {
    var length = len(preorder)
	if length == 0{
		return nil
	}
	var newTree = new(TreeNode)
	newTree.Val =  preorder[0]
	var indexTree = 0
    var root = preorder[0]
	for i:=0;i<length;i++{
		if inorder[i] == root{
			indexTree = i
			break
		}
	}
	newTree.Left = buildTree(preorder[1:indexTree+1],inorder[:indexTree])
	newTree.Right = buildTree(preorder[indexTree+1:],inorder[indexTree+1:])
	return newTree
}

 官方解答：思路大概一致，可有递归和迭代

class Solution {
    public TreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int[] inorder) {
        if (preorder == null || preorder.length == 0) {
            return null;
        }
        Map<Integer, Integer> indexMap = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
        int length = preorder.length;
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            indexMap.put(inorder[i], i);
        }
        TreeNode root = buildTree(preorder, 0, length - 1, inorder, 0, length - 1, indexMap);
        return root;
    }

    public TreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int preorderStart, int preorderEnd, int[] inorder, int inorderStart, int inorderEnd, Map<Integer, Integer> indexMap) {
        if (preorderStart > preorderEnd) {
            return null;
        }
        int rootVal = preorder[preorderStart];
        TreeNode root = new TreeNode(rootVal);
        if (preorderStart == preorderEnd) {
            return root;
        } else {
            int rootIndex = indexMap.get(rootVal);
            int leftNodes = rootIndex - inorderStart, rightNodes = inorderEnd - rootIndex;
            TreeNode leftSubtree = buildTree(preorder, preorderStart + 1, preorderStart + leftNodes, inorder, inorderStart, rootIndex - 1, indexMap);
            TreeNode rightSubtree = buildTree(preorder, preorderEnd - rightNodes + 1, preorderEnd, inorder, rootIndex + 1, inorderEnd, indexMap);
            root.left = leftSubtree;
            root.right = rightSubtree;
            return root;
        }
    }
}

class Solution {
    public TreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int[] inorder) {
        if (preorder == null || preorder.length == 0) {
            return null;
        }
        TreeNode root = new TreeNode(preorder[0]);
        int length = preorder.length;
        Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<TreeNode>();
        stack.push(root);
        int inorderIndex = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            int preorderVal = preorder[i];
            TreeNode node = stack.peek();
            if (node.val != inorder[inorderIndex]) {
                node.left = new TreeNode(preorderVal);
                stack.push(node.left);
            } else {
                while (!stack.isEmpty() && stack.peek().val == inorder[inorderIndex]) {
                    node = stack.pop();
                    inorderIndex++;
                }
                node.right = new TreeNode(preorderVal);
                stack.push(node.right);
            }
        }
        return root;
    }
}

 

复杂度分析

• 时间复杂度：O(n)。前序遍历和后序遍历都被遍历。
• 空间复杂度：O(n)。额外使用栈存储已经遍历过的节点。

作者：LeetCode-Solution
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/zhong-jian-er-cha-shu-lcof/solution/mian-shi-ti-07-zhong-jian-er-cha-shu-by-leetcode-s/