ZeroMQ之模式二 发布者订阅者（publish-subscribe)

一、前言

zeromq pub-sub模型，发布者将一系列数据发送到订阅者。例如Rss 和微博关注

二、code

               #-------------#
               |  Publisher  |
               +-------------+
               |     PUB     |
               '-------------'
                    bind
                      |
                      |
                   updates
                      |
      .---------------+---------------.
      |               |               |
   updates         updates         updates
      |               |               |
      |               |               |
      v               v               v
   connect         connect         connect
.------------.  .------------.  .------------.
|    SUB     |  |    SUB     |  |    SUB     |
+------------+  +------------+  +------------+
| Subscriber |  | Subscriber |  | Subscriber |
#------------#  #------------#  #------------#

例子如下：发布者发布一系列有地点，温度和相对湿度的气候数据，订阅者获取感兴趣的数据例如1001站点

publish

package com.bitch.mq.pub_sub;

import org.zeromq.ZMQ;

import java.util.Random;

//
//  Weather update server in Java
//  Binds PUB socket to tcp://*:5556
//  Publishes random weather updates
//
public class wuserver {

    public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception {
        //  Prepare our context and publisher
        ZMQ.Context context = ZMQ.context(1);

        ZMQ.Socket publisher = context.socket(ZMQ.PUB);
        publisher.bind("tcp://*:5556");
        //publisher.bind("ipc://weather");

        //  Initialize random number generator
        Random srandom = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
        while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted ()) {
            //  Get values that will fool the boss
            int zipcode, temperature, relhumidity;
            zipcode = 10000 + srandom.nextInt(10000) ;
            temperature = srandom.nextInt(215) - 80 + 1;
            relhumidity = srandom.nextInt(50) + 10 + 1;

            //  Send message to all subscribers
            String update = String.format("%05d %d %d", zipcode, temperature, relhumidity);
//            System.out.println("send data****************"+update);
            publisher.send(update, 0);
        }

        publisher.close ();
        context.term ();
    }
}

subscribe

package com.bitch.mq.pub_sub;

import org.zeromq.ZMQ;

import java.util.StringTokenizer;

//
//  Weather update client in Java
//  Connects SUB socket to tcp://localhost:5556
//  Collects weather updates and finds avg temp in zipcode
//
public class wuclient {

    public static void main (String[] args) {
        ZMQ.Context context = ZMQ.context(1);

        //  Socket to talk to server
        System.out.println("Collecting updates from weather server");
        ZMQ.Socket subscriber = context.socket(ZMQ.SUB);
        subscriber.connect("tcp://localhost:5556");

        //  Subscribe to zipcode, default is NYC, 10001
        String filter = (args.length > 0) ? args[0] : "10001 ";
        subscriber.subscribe(filter.getBytes());

        //  Process 100 updates
        int update_nbr;
        long total_temp = 0;
        for (update_nbr = 0; update_nbr < 100; update_nbr++) {
            //  Use trim to remove the tailing '0' character
            String string = subscriber.recvStr(0).trim();
            System.out.println(string);

            StringTokenizer sscanf = new StringTokenizer(string, " ");
            int zipcode = Integer.valueOf(sscanf.nextToken());
            int temperature = Integer.valueOf(sscanf.nextToken());
            int relhumidity = Integer.valueOf(sscanf.nextToken());

            total_temp += temperature;

        }
        System.out.println("Average temperature for zipcode '"
                + filter + "' was " + (int) (total_temp / update_nbr));
        
        subscriber.close();
        context.term();
    }
}

三、模式存在问题

1、一个订阅方实际上可以链接到不止一个发布方，每次使用一条连接命令。数据会交叉到达，
因此没有哪个单一的发布方能够淹没其它发布方。
2、 如果一个发布方没有与它连接的订阅方，它会简单的扔掉所有消息。
3、  如果你使用TCP，并且订阅方很慢，消息将会在发布方排队。我们将会看到随后如何使用“高水准”的方法来避免这种情况的出现。