LeetCode之8，著名的atoi

（PS：这个题，当初看到的时候，我以为是汉诺塔呢）

原题：

Implement atoi to convert a string to an integer.

Hint: Carefully consider all possible input cases. If you want a challenge, please do not see below and ask yourself what are the possible input cases.

Notes: It is intended for this problem to be specified vaguely (ie, no given input specs). You are responsible to gather all the input requirements up front.

注意：考察思维是否全面：0，空格，负数，以及int的最大最小值（最好以16进制）

class Solution {
public:
    int myAtoi(string str) {
        const int maxint=0x7fffffff;
        const int minint=0x80000000;
        
        const long long max=0x100000000;
        long long ans=0;
        bool flag=false;
        int st=0;
        while(st<str.length() && str[st]==' ')
        {
         st++;   
        }

        if(st<str.length() && str[st]=='+') 
        {
        st++;
        }
        else
        {
        if(st<str.length() && str[st]=='-')
        {
            flag=true;
            st++;
        }
        }
        
        for(int i=st;i<str.length();i++)
        {
            if(str[i]<='9' && str[i]>='0')
            {
                ans=ans*10+str[i]-'0';
                if(ans>max) ans=max; 
            }
            else
            {
                break;
            }
        }
        if(flag) ans=-ans;
        if(ans>maxint) ans=maxint;
        if(ans<minint) ans=minint;
        return ans;
    }
};