首先介绍内容监测的基本模式
基
它为基于Uri的内容监测的提供了一个平台。(其实如果有必要,我们可以自己实现一个)
ContentResolver 为此提供了三个方法:
public final void
Register an observer class that gets callbacks when data identified by a given content URI changes.
Parameters
uri The URI to watch for changes. This can be a specific row URI, or a base URI for a whole class of content.
notifyForDescendents If true changes to URIs beginning with uri will also cause notifications to be sent.
If false only changes to the exact URI specified by uri will cause notifications to be sent.
If true, than any URI values at or below the specified URI will also trigger a match.
observer The object that receives callbacks when changes occur.
public final void
Unregisters a change observer.
参数
observer The previously registered observer that is no longer needed.
通知所有注册到uri的监听器,告诉他们内容发生了改变。
public void
Notify registered observers that a row was updated. To register, call registerContentObserver(). By default, CursorAdapter objects will get this notification.
参数
observer The observer that originated the change, may be null .用以说明 observer 是第一个发现内容改变的ContentObserver,可为null.
通知所有注册到uri的监听器,告诉他们内容发生了改变。
public void
Notify registered observers that a row was updated. To register, call registerContentObserver(). By default, CursorAdapter objects will get this notification.
参数
observer The observer that originated the change, may be null 用以说明 observer 是第一个发现内容改变的ContentObserver,可为null
syncToNetwork If true, attempt to sync the change to the network.
注1 :"基于uri的内容监测的基本模式被android.content.ContentResolver实现",严格来说ContentResolver至少提供了接口。
真正的实现在android.content.ContentService.
其实ContentResolver为基于Uri的内容监测所提供的方法只是调用ContentService相关的方法
注2 : "注册监听器到 uri "只是说如果 notifyChange 的 uri 和 registerContentObserver 中的 uri 相匹配,则调用 observer 的方法 onChange 。
内容监听器 ContentObserver 主要有三个方法
public boolean
Returns true if this observer is interested in notifications for changes made through the cursor the observer is registered with.
注:这个函数的使用还是puzzle.
public final void
注:这个是为提供用handler执行onChange的一个接口。所以一般比没必要重载它。
public void o
This method is called when a change occurs to the cursor that is being observed.
参数
selfChange true if the update was caused by a call to commit on the cursor that is being observed.
注1:这个就是我们需要重载的函数,在里面可以实现对内容改变的个性化响应。
关于ContentObserver的更多内容请参阅《 内容监听器ContentObserver 》。
基本使用是这样的:
首先使用
这时相应的监听器的dispatchChange方法被调用,在dispatchChange中onChange被调用。
最后如果不想让 observer 监听器 uri 相关的内容监听,可以调用
对数据库改变的监测是如何实现的呢?
在providers对数据进行改变后,会通过 getContext().getContentResolver().
比如:com.android.providers.contacts中的ContactsProvider2
ContactsProvider2.java文件
public class ContactsProvider2 extends SQLiteContentProvider implements OnAccountsUpdateListener {
-------------------省略------------------
@Override
public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
waitForAccess();
return super.insert(uri, values);
}
@Override
public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
-------------------省略------------------
waitForAccess();
return super.update(uri, values, selection, selectionArgs);
}
@Override
public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
waitForAccess();
return super.delete(uri, selection, selectionArgs);
}
}
-------------------省略------------------
protected void
notifyChange(mSyncToNetwork);
mSyncToNetwork = false;
}
protected void
getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY_URI, null,
syncToNetwork);
}
-------------------省略------------------
}
SQLiteContentProvider.java文件
public abstract class SQLiteContentProvider extends ContentProvider
implements SQLiteTransactionListener {
@Override
public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
Uri result = null;
boolean applyingBatch = applyingBatch();
if (!applyingBatch) {
mDb = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
mDb.beginTransactionWithListener(this);
try {
result = insertInTransaction(uri, values);
if (result != null) {
mNotifyChange = true;
}
mDb.setTransactionSuccessful();
} finally {
mDb.endTransaction();
}
} else {
result = insertInTransaction(uri, values);
if (result != null) {
mNotifyChange = true;
}
}
return result;
}
public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
-------------------省略------------------
}
public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
-------------------省略------------------
}
-------------------省略------------------
protected abstract void
-------------------省略------------------
protected void
if (mNotifyChange) {
mNotifyChange = false;
}
}
-------------------省略------------------
}
那么Cursor是如何实现对基于uri的数据库内容变化进行监听呢?
只要把一个监听器ContentObserver对uri使用ContentResolver的 registerContentObserver 方法进行注册。
如果相应 uri 的数据库内容变化发变化,先通知 ContentObserver ,再又让它通知Cursor。
当然为了方便系统把ContentObserver设计成了
具体可见在Cursor接口的一个实现 android.database.AbstractCursor 。
AbstractCursor.java文件请见 附件1
同时Cursor为我们提供了
具体代码参见 附件1 。
那么外部如何 监听Cursor 呢?。
Cursor 为外部监测数据库的变化提供了以下接口:
abstract void
Register an observer that is called when changes happen to the content backing this cursor.
注1:当数据库内容变化时通知observer,具体见 附件1 的onChange(boolean selfChange)函数.
注2:这个监听器observer主要是在 setNotificationUri(ContentResolver cr, Uri notifyUri) 中notifyUri对应的数据库内容发生变化时被通知的(间接),
abstract void
Unregister an observer that has previously been registered with this cursor via registerContentObserver(ContentObserver).
另外,
Cursor
还为我们提供了接口,让外部可以通过注册一个
DataSetObserver
来对Cursor的
requery(), deactivate(), close()
行为进行监听。
abstract void
registerDataSetObserver
(DataSetObserver observer)
Register an observer that is called when changes happen to the contents of the this cursors data set, for example, when the data set is changed via requery(), deactivate(), or close().
注1:当Cursor发生requery(), deactivate(), or close()时通知DataSetObserver observer
Register an observer that is called when changes happen to the contents of the this cursors data set, for example, when the data set is changed via requery(), deactivate(), or close().
注1:当Cursor发生requery(), deactivate(), or close()时通知DataSetObserver observer
abstract void
unregisterDataSetObserver
(DataSetObserver observer)
Unregister an observer that has previously been registered with this cursor via registerContentObserver(ContentObserver).
Unregister an observer that has previously been registered with this cursor via registerContentObserver(ContentObserver).
DataSetObserver
的主要方法
那么
CursorAdapter
是如何实现对基于
uri
的数据库内容变化进行监听呢?
它当然是
借助Cursor
来实现的。
但是 CursorAdapter与 ContentObserver相对应对外提供(可以重载)的接口是:
onContentChanged ()
当时 CursorAdapter与 DataSetObserver相对应对外提供(可以重载)的接口是:
onChanged()->notifyDataSetChanged ()
//这个消息并完全不是从Cursor传递来,它会在CursorAdapter内手动被调用
onInvalidated()->notifyDataSetInvalidated()
//这个消息并不是从Cursor传递来。
具体可以参照 附件2的android.widget.CursorAdapter源代码
CursorAdapter的
notifyDataSetChanged ()和
notifyDataSetInvalidated()事件
可以
继续往外传递
Public Methods | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
void | onChanged() | ||||||||||
void |
onInvalidated()
This method is called when the entire data becomes invalid, most likely through a call to
deactivate() or
close() on a
Cursor .
|
它当然是
但是 CursorAdapter与 ContentObserver相对应对外提供(可以重载)的接口是:
当时 CursorAdapter与 DataSetObserver相对应对外提供(可以重载)的接口是:
具体可以参照 附件2的android.widget.CursorAdapter源代码
BaseAdapter为此提供了以下系列方法。
android.widget.BaseAdapter的部分源代码如下:
void |
notifyDataSetChanged()
Notifies the attached observers that the underlying data has been changed and any View reflecting the data set should refresh itself.
|
void |
notifyDataSetInvalidated()
Notifies the attached observers that the underlying data is no longer valid or available.
|
void |
registerDataSetObserver(
DataSetObserver observer)
Register an observer that is called when changes happen to the data used by this adapter.
|
void |
unregisterDataSetObserver(
DataSetObserver observer)
Unregister an observer that has previously been registered with this adapter via
registerDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver) .
|
public abstract class
BaseAdapter
implements
ListAdapter, SpinnerAdapter {
private final
DataSetObservable mDataSetObservable = new DataSetObservable();
public boolean hasStableIds() { return false; }
public void
registerDataSetObserver
(DataSetObserver observer) { mDataSetObservable.registerObserver(observer); }
public void
unregisterDataSetObserver
(DataSetObserver observer) { mDataSetObservable.unregisterObserver(observer); }
/** * Notifies the attached View that the underlying data has been changed * and it should refresh itself. */
public void
notifyDataSetChanged()
{ mDataSetObservable.notifyChanged(); }
public void
notifyDataSetInvalidated()
{ mDataSetObservable.notifyInvalidated(); }
-------------------省略------------------
}
注意:对于
BaseAdapter,外部可以强行调用
notifyDataSetChanged和
notifyDataSetInvalidated来通知DataSetObserver observer