IPv4路由基础实验

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-30 23:56:21 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-03-30 23:56:21 发布
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分类专栏： HCIA-Datacom 文章标签： 网络 计算机网络
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/idealion/article/details/132049368
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所需环境

eNSPVirtualBoxWinPcapWireshark

0

网络拓扑

1

实验步骤

设备命名

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]

查看路由器接口状态

[R1]display interface brief 
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
^down: standby
(e): ETHOAM down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
GigabitEthernet0/0/0        up    down        0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2        up    down        0%     0%          0          0
NULL0                       up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0

[R1]

[R2]display interface brief 
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
^down: standby
(e): ETHOAM down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
GigabitEthernet0/0/0        up    down        0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1        up    down        0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
NULL0                       up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0

[R2]

[R3]display interface brief 
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
^down: standby
(e): ETHOAM down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
GigabitEthernet0/0/0        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1        up    down        0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2        up    down        0%     0%          0          0
NULL0                       up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0

[R3]

查看初始路由表

[R1]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 4        Routes : 4        

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R1]

[R2]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 4        Routes : 4        

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R2]

[R3]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 4        Routes : 4        

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R3]

配置路由器IP地址

路由器接口IP Address/Mask
R1GigabitEthernet0/0/010.0.12.1/24
GigabitEthernet0/0/210.0.13.1/24
R2GigabitEthernet0/0/010.0.12.2/24
GigabitEthernet0/0/110.0.23.2/24
R3GigabitEthernet0/0/110.0.23.3/24
GigabitEthernet0/0/210.0.13.3/24
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0	
[R1-GigabitEthernet 0/0/0]ip address 10.0.12.1 24

[R1-GigabitEthernet 0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet 0/0/2]ip address 10.0.13.1 24

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0	
[R2-GigabitEthernet 0/0/0]ip address 10.0.12.2 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet 0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet 0/0/1]ip address 10.0.23.2 24

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1	
[R3-GigabitEthernet 0/0/1]ip address 10.0.23.3 24

[R3-GigabitEthernet 0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet 0/0/2]ip address 10.0.13.3 24

测试联通性

[R1]ping 10.0.12.2
  PING 10.0.12.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=110 ms
    Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=10 ms
    Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms

  --- 10.0.12.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 10/36/110 ms

[R1]

[R2]ping 10.0.23.3
  PING 10.0.23.3: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms

  --- 10.0.23.3 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/26/50 ms

[R2]

[R3]ping 10.0.13.1
  PING 10.0.13.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.13.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 10.0.13.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.13.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.13.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.13.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

  --- 10.0.13.1 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/28/40 ms

[R3]

查看路由表

[R1]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 10       Routes : 10       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

      10.0.12.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.12.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
      10.0.12.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
    10.0.12.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
      10.0.13.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.13.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
      10.0.13.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
    10.0.13.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R1]

[R2]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 10       Routes : 10       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

      10.0.12.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.12.2       GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
      10.0.12.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
    10.0.12.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
      10.0.23.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.23.2       GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
      10.0.23.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
    10.0.23.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R2]

[R3]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 10       Routes : 10       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

      10.0.13.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.13.3       GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
      10.0.13.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
    10.0.13.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
      10.0.23.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.23.3       GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
      10.0.23.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
    10.0.23.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R3]

配置LoopBack地址

路由器接口IP Address/Mask
R1LoopBack 010.0.1.1/32
R2LoopBack 010.0.2.2/32
R3LoopBack 010.0.3.3/32
[R1]interface LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.1.1 32

[R2]interface LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.2.2 32

[R3]interface LoopBack 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.3.3 32

测试联通性

[R1]ping 10.0.2.2
  PING 10.0.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out

  --- 10.0.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    0 packet(s) received
    100.00% packet loss

[R2]ping 10.0.3.3
  PING 10.0.3.3: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out

  --- 10.0.3.3 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    0 packet(s) received
    100.00% packet loss

[R2]

[R3]ping 10.0.1.1
  PING 10.0.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out

  --- 10.0.1.1 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    0 packet(s) received
    100.00% packet loss

[R3]

配置静态路由

[R1]ip route-static 10.0.2.2 32 10.0.12.2

[R1]ip route-static 10.0.3.3 32 10.0.13.3

[R2]ip route-static 10.0.1.1 32 10.0.12.1

[R2]ip route-static 10.0.3.3 32 10.0.23.3

[R3]ip route-static 10.0.1.1 32 10.0.13.1

[R3]ip route-static 10.0.2.2 32 10.0.23.2

测试联通性

[R1]ping 10.0.2.2
  PING 10.0.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms

  --- 10.0.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/24/30 ms

[R1]

[R2]ping 10.0.3.3
  PING 10.0.3.3: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=10 ms
    Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

  --- 10.0.3.3 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 10/20/30 ms

[R2]

[R3]ping 10.0.2.2
  PING 10.0.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=10 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=10 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms

  --- 10.0.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 10/22/40 ms

[R3]

总结

本次实验对IP地址的配置、查看路由表、配置LoopBack地址、使用ping命令测试联通性。

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实验 – 使用 VLSM 设计和实施 IPv4 编址拓扑目标 第 1 部分：检查网络要求 第 2 部分：设计 VLSM 地址方案 第 3 部分：布线和配置 IPv4 网络
静态路由
weixin_33933118的博客
06-05 163
组网需求交换机各接口及主机的IP地址和掩码如 图 1-2 所示。要求采用静态路由，使图中任意两台主机之间都能互通。 2.配置静态路由如SwitchA、SwitchB、SwitchC 3.验证HostA、HostB、HostC是否ping通如HostA、HostB、HostC 转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/14223412/2405620...
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