数据库的增删改查
SQL语句
- insert into person (name, phone, money) values (‘张三’, ‘159874611’, 2000);
- delete from person where name = ‘李四’ and _id = 4;
- update person set money = 6000 where name = ‘李四’;
- select name, phone from person where name = ‘张三’;
执行SQL语句实现增删改查
//插入
db.execSQL("insert into person (name, phone, money)
values (?, ?, ?);", new Object[]{"张三", 15987461, 75000});
//查找
Cursor cs = db.rawQuery("select _id, name, money
from person where name = ?;", new String[]{"张三"});
* 测试方法执行前会调用此方法
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
// 获取虚拟上下文对象
oh = new MyOpenHelper(getContext(), "people.db", null, 1);
}
使用api实现增删改查
插入
//以键值对的形式保存要存入数据库的数据 ContentValues cv = new ContentValues(); cv.put("name", "刘能"); cv.put("phone", 1651646); cv.put("money", 3500); //返回值是改行的主键,如果出错返回-1 long i = db.insert("person", null, cv);
删除
//返回值是删除的行数 int i = db.delete("person", "_id = ? and name = ?", new String[]{"1", "张三"});
修改
ContentValues cv = new ContentValues(); cv.put("money", 25000); int i = db.update("person", cv, "name = ?", new String[]{"赵四"});
查询
//arg1:要查询的字段 //arg2:查询条件 //arg3:填充查询条件的占位符 Cursor cs = db.query("person", new String[]{"name", "money"}, "name = ?", new String[]{"张三"}, null, null, null); while(cs.moveToNext()){ // 获取指定列的索引值 String name = cs.getString(cs.getColumnIndex("name")); String money = cs.getString(cs.getColumnIndex("money")); System.out.println(name + ";" + money); }
事务
- 保证多条SQL语句要么同时成功,要么同时失败
- 最常见案例:银行转账
事务api
try { //开启事务 db.beginTransaction(); ........... //设置事务执行成功 db.setTransactionSuccessful(); } finally{ //关闭事务 //如果此时已经设置事务执行成功,则sql语句生效,否则不生效 db.endTransaction(); }
代码
public class TestCase extends AndroidTestCase {
//此时测试框架还没有初始化完毕,没有虚拟上下文对象
// private MyOpenHelper oh = new MyOpenHelper(getContext(), "people.db", null, 1);
private MyOpenHelper oh;
private SQLiteDatabase db;
//测试框架初始化完毕之后,在测试方法执行之前,此方法调用
@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
oh = new MyOpenHelper(getContext(), "people.db", null, 1);
db = oh.getWritableDatabase();
}
//测试方法执行完毕之后,此方法调用
@Override
protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.tearDown();
db.close();
}
public void insert(){
// db.execSQL("insert into person (name, salary, phone)values(?, ?, ?)",
new Object[]{"老婆[1]", "13000", 138438});
// db.execSQL("insert into person (name, salary, phone)values(?, ?, ?)",
new Object[]{"儿子", 14000, "13888"});
db.execSQL("insert into person (name, salary, phone)values(?, ?, ?)",
new Object[]{"小小", 14000, "13888"});
}
public void delete(){
db.execSQL("delete from person where name = ?", new Object[]{"小小"});
}
public void update(){
db.execSQL("update person set phone = ? where name = ?", new Object[]{186666, "儿子"});
}
public void select(){
Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery("select name, salary from person", null);
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
//通过列索引获取列的值
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
String salary = cursor.getString(1);
System.out.println(name + ";" + salary);
}
}
public void insertApi(){
//把要插入的数据全部封装至ContentValues对象
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("name", "小龙");
values.put("phone", "15999");
values.put("salary", 16000);
db.insert("person", null, values);
}
public void deleteApi(){
int i = db.delete("person", "name = ? and _id = ?", new String[]{"儿子", "3"});
System.out.println(i);
}
public void updateApi(){
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("salary", 26000);
int i = db.update("person", values, "name = ?", new String[]{"小龙"});
System.out.println(i);
}
public void selectApi(){
Cursor cursor = db.query("person", null, null, null, null, null, null, null);
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
String phone = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("phone"));
String salary = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("salary"));
System.out.println(name + ";" + phone + ";" + salary);
}
}
public void transaction(){
try{
//开启事务
db.beginTransaction();
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("salary", 12000);
db.update("person", values, "name = ?", new String[]{"小志"});
//清空
values.clear();
values.put("salary", 16000);
db.update("person", values, "name = ?", new String[]{"小志的儿子"});
//int i = 3/0;
//设置 事务执行成功
db.setTransactionSuccessful();
}
finally{
//关闭事务,同时提交,如果已经设置事务执行成功,那么sql语句就生效了,反之,sql语句回滚
db.endTransaction();
}
}
}