在CENT OS 上编译安装NGINX+PHP+MYSQL

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 16:00:10 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 16:00:10 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/iesneaker/article/details/5632540

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NGINX安装手记

一、环境需要和下载

1. 利用YUM安装必须的程序库

# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

2. 下载安装环境所需要的源代码程序安装包

#cd /home/soft/nginx_soft/

二、安装PHP 5.2.9（FastCGI模式）

1.编译PHP5.2.9所需要的支持库

# tar zvfx libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

cd ../

tar zvfx libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8

./configure

make

make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make

make install

cd ../../

tar zvfx mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

ldconfig

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

2． 编译安装MYSQL-5.1.34

mkdir /usr/local/nginx_server/

mkdir /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

tar zvfx mysql-5.1.34.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.1.34

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase

make;make install

chmod +w /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql

①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/data

chown –R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/data

②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表

/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql

③、创建my.cnf配置文件：

mkdir -p /data/mysql/etc

vi /data/mysql/etc/my.cnf

输入以下内容

[client]
default-character-set = utf8
port    = 3306
socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql]
prompt="(/u:localhost:)[/d]> "
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
#default-character-set = utf8
user    = mysql
port    = 3306
socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/data
open_files_limit    = 10240
back_log = 600
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 6000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 300
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
default-storage-engine = MyISAM
default_table_type = MyISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 246M
max_heap_table_size = 246M
long_query_time = 1
log_long_format
log-bin = /data0/mysql/3306/binlog
binlog_cache_size = 4M
binlog_format = MIXED
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 512M
expire_logs_days = 7
key_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover

skip-name-resolve
master-connect-retry = 10
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396

server-id = 1

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

④ 创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本

vi /data/mysql/mysqld.sh

输入以下内容：

#!/bin/sh

mysql_port=3306

mysql_username="root"

mysql_password="123456"

function_start_mysql()

{

printf "Starting MySQL.../n"

/bin/sh /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/etc/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

}

function_stop_mysql()

{

printf "Stoping MySQL.../n"

/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown

}

function_restart_mysql()

{

printf "Restarting MySQL.../n"

function_stop_mysql

sleep 5

function_start_mysql

}

function_kill_mysql()

{

kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

}

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then

function_start_mysql

elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then

function_stop_mysql

elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then

function_restart_mysql

elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then

function_kill_mysql

else

printf "Usage: /data/mysql/mysqld.sh {start|stop|restart|kill}/n"

⑤、赋予shell脚本可执行权限：

chmod +x /data/mysql/mysql.sh

chown –R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

⑥ 启动MySQL：

/data/mysql/mysqld.sh start

⑦ 通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）：

/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

⑧ 输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（root）和密码（123456）：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES ;

quit;

⑨、（可选）停止MySQL：

/data/mysql/mysqld.sh stop

3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

cd /home/soft/nginx_soft/

tar zvfx php-5.2.9.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.9-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.9 -p1

cd php-5.2.9

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx_server/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/nginx_server/php/etc/php.ini

cd ../

4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5

/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar jvfx eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3

/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2

/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz
cd imagick-2.2.2/
/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

5、修改php.ini文件

手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
　　修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/nginx_server/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
　　extension = "memcache.so"
　　extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
　　extension = "imagick.so"

　　再查找output_buffering = Off
　　修改为output_buffering = On

6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx_server/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

　按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/nginx_server/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="128"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/nginx_server/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

修改配置文件：

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

输入以下内容：

kernel.shmmax = 134217728

然后执行以下命令使配置生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p

7、创建www用户和组，以及供shinedoo和linuxserv两个虚拟主机使用的目录：

/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /data/htdocs/shinedoo
chmod +w /data/htdocs/shinedoo
chown -R www:www /data/htdocs/shinedoo
mkdir -p /data/htdocs/linuxserv
chmod +w /data/htdocs/linuxserv
chown -R www:www /data/htdocs/linuxserv

8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：
　　在/usr/local/nginx_server/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/nginx_server/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/ngix_server/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

Pid file

<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/nginx_server/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

Error log file

<value name="error_log">/usr/local/nginx_server/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

Log level

<value name="log_level">notice</value>

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...

... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.

Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.

Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master

Set to 'no' to debug fpm

</section>

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.

<value name="name">default</value>

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.

Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'

Set listen(2) backlog

Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.

In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.

Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.

</value>

Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.

<value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>

</value>

Unix user of processes

Unix group of processes

Process manager settings

Sets style of controling worker process count.

Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'

<value name="style">static</value>

Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.

Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi

Used with any pm_style.

Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style

Sets the number of server processes created on startup.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

</value>

The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated

Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason

'0s' means 'off'

The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file

'0s' means 'off'

The log file for slow requests

Set open file desc rlimit

Set max core size rlimit

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path

Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.

If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs

How much requests each process should execute before respawn.

Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.

For endless request processing please specify 0

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS

Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.

Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)

Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.

Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH

All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment

<value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>

<value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>

<value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>

<value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>

</value>

</section>

</workers>

</configuration>

9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为200（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：

ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/nginx_server/php/sbin/php-fpm start

三、安装Nginx 0.7.58
　　1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

cd /home/soft/nginx_soft/

tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz
cd pcre-7.8/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

　2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.7.58.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.7.58/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../

3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs
chmod +w /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs
chown -R www:www /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs

4、创建Nginx配置文件
　　①、在/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

输入以下内容：

#user nobody;

user www www;

worker_processes 8;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

error_log /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/nginx.pid;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 51200;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

server

{

listen 80;

server_name blog.s135.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data0/htdocs/blog;

#limit_conn crawler 20;

location ~ .*/.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

location ~ .*/.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

{

expires 30d;

}

location ~ .*/.(js|css)?$

{

expires 1h;

}

log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs/access.log access;

}

server

{

listen 80;

server_name www.linuxserv.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/htdocs/linuxserv;

location ~ .*/.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs/linuxservlogs.log wwwlogs;

}

server

{

listen 80;

server_name www.edoogo.com;

location / {

stub_status on;

access_log off;

}

　②、在/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：

vi /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

　　输入以下内容：

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;

fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

5、启动Nginx

ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/sbin/nginx

四、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

vi /etc/rc.local

　　在末尾增加以下内容：

引用

ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/nginx_server/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/sbin/nginx

五、优化Linux内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

　　在末尾增加以下内容：

引用

net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000

　　使配置立即生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p

　六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置
　　1、修改/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：

/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

　　如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：
　　the configuration file /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
　　the configuration file /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

　　2、这时，输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：

ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

　　屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号，例如：
　　6302
　　这时，执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效：

kill -HUP 6302

　　或者无需这么麻烦，找到Nginx的Pid文件：

kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`