Java多线程学习2

目录

一、线程同步

二、三大线程不安全案例

1.抢票

2.同时取一个账户的钱

3.线程不安全的集合

三、同步方法及同步块

四、死锁

五、Lock锁

六、线程协作--生产者消费者问题

1.解决方式1---管程法

2.解决方式2---信号灯法

七、线程池


前言

本文通过学习B站视频【狂神说Java】多线程详解所作


一、线程同步

并发:同一个对象被多个线程同时操作

二、三大线程不安全案例

1.抢票

public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket station = new BuyTicket();

        new Thread(station, "苦逼的我").start();
        new Thread(station, "牛逼的你").start();
        new Thread(station, "可恶的黄牛党").start();
    }

}

class BuyTicket implements Runnable {

    int ticketNums = 10;
    boolean flag = true;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (flag) {
            try {
                buy();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private void buy() throws InterruptedException {
        if (ticketNums <= 0) {
            flag = false;
            return;
        }

        Thread.sleep(100);

        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿到" + ticketNums--);
    }
}

2.同时取一个账户的钱

public class UnsafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Account account = new Account(100, "结婚基金");

        Drawing you = new Drawing(account, 50, "you");
        Drawing girlFriend = new Drawing(account, 100, "girlFriend");

        you.start();
        girlFriend.start();
    }

}

class Account{
    int money;
    String name;

    public Account(int money, String name) {
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}

class Drawing extends Thread{
    Account account;

    int drawingMoney;
    int nowMoney;

    public Drawing(Account account, int drawingMoney, String name) {
        super(name);
        this.account = account;
        this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
    }


    @Override
    public void run() {
        if(account.money-drawingMoney<0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够,取不了");
            return;
        }

        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        account.money = account.money-drawingMoney;
        nowMoney = nowMoney+drawingMoney;
        System.out.println(account.name+"余额为:"+account.money);
        //这里的this相当于Thread.currentThread()
        System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里的钱"+nowMoney);
    }
}

 

3.线程不安全的集合

public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            new Thread(() -> {
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }

        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

 

三、同步方法及同步块

缺点:会影响效率

同步方法:即在方法上加关键字synchronized

public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket station = new BuyTicket();

        new Thread(station, "苦逼的我").start();
        new Thread(station, "牛逼的你").start();
        new Thread(station, "可恶的黄牛党").start();
    }

}

class BuyTicket implements Runnable {

    int ticketNums = 10;
    boolean flag = true;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (flag) {
            try {
                buy();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private synchronized void buy() throws InterruptedException {
        if (ticketNums <= 0) {
            flag = false;
            return;
        }

        Thread.sleep(100);

        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿到" + ticketNums--);
    }
}

同步块:synchronized(Obj){ }

Obj称之为同步监视器,可以是任何对象,但是推荐使用共享资源作为同步监视器

同步方法中无需指定同步监视器,因为其同步监视器就是this,就是这个对象本身,或者是class(反射中讲解)

public class UnsafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Account account = new Account(100, "结婚基金");

        Drawing you = new Drawing(account, 50, "you");
        Drawing girlFriend = new Drawing(account, 100, "girlFriend");

        you.start();
        girlFriend.start();
    }

}

class Account {
    int money;
    String name;

    public Account(int money, String name) {
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}

class Drawing extends Thread {
    Account account;

    int drawingMoney;
    int nowMoney;

    public Drawing(Account account, int drawingMoney, String name) {
        super(name);
        this.account = account;
        this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
    }


    @Override
    public void run() {

        synchronized (account) {
            if (account.money - drawingMoney < 0) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "钱不够,取不了");
                return;
            }

            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
            nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;
            System.out.println(account.name + "余额为:" + account.money);
            //这里的this相当于Thread.currentThread()
            System.out.println(this.getName() + "手里的钱" + nowMoney);
        }
    }
}
public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            new Thread(() -> {
                synchronized (list){
                    list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
            }).start();
        }

        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

四、死锁

什么是死锁:多个线程互相持有对方需要的资源,形成僵持

五、Lock锁

 

public class TestLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestLock2 lock2 = new TestLock2();
        new Thread(lock2).start();
        new Thread(lock2).start();
        new Thread(lock2).start();
    }

}

class TestLock2 implements Runnable {

    int ticketNums = 10;
    //定义lock锁
    private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            try {
                //加锁
                lock.lock();
                if (ticketNums > 0) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println(ticketNums--);
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            } finally {
                //解锁
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
    }
}

六、线程协作--生产者消费者问题

 

1.解决方式1---管程法

 

public class TestPC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SynContainer container = new SynContainer();

        new Productor(container).start();
        new Consumer(container).start();

    }
}

class Productor extends Thread {

    SynContainer container;

    public Productor(SynContainer container) {
        this.container = container;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            container.push(new Chicken(i));
            System.out.println("生产了" + i + "只鸡");
        }
    }
}

class Consumer extends Thread {
    SynContainer container;


    public Consumer(SynContainer container) {
        this.container = container;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("消费了" + container.pop().id + "只鸡");
        }
    }
}

class Chicken {
    int id;

    public Chicken(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
}

class SynContainer {
    Chicken[] chickens = new Chicken[10];

    int count = 0;

    public synchronized void push(Chicken chicken) {
        if (count == chickens.length) {
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        chickens[count] = chicken;
        count++;

        this.notifyAll();

    }

    public synchronized Chicken pop() {
        if (count == 0) {
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        count--;
        Chicken chicken = chickens[count];

        this.notifyAll();
        return chicken;
    }
}

2.解决方式2---信号灯法

public class TestPC2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TV tv = new TV();
        new Player(tv).start();
        new Watcher(tv).start();
    }

}

class Player extends Thread {
    TV tv;

    public Player(TV tv) {
        this.tv = tv;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            if (i % 2 == 0) {
                this.tv.play("快乐大本营播放中");
            } else {
                this.tv.play("抖音:记录美好生活");
            }
        }
    }
}

class Watcher extends Thread {
    TV tv;

    public Watcher(TV tv) {
        this.tv = tv;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            tv.watch();
        }
    }
}

class TV {

    String voice;
    boolean flag = true;

    public synchronized void play(String voice) {

        if (!flag) {
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        System.out.println("演员表演了" + voice);
        this.notifyAll();
        this.voice = voice;
        this.flag = !this.flag;
    }

    public synchronized void watch() {
        if (flag) {
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        System.out.println("观看了" + voice);
        this.notifyAll();
        this.flag = !this.flag;

    }
}

七、线程池

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class TestPool {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.shutdown();
    }

}

class MyThread implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

 


完! 

  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值