RabbitMq学习(6) 灵活动态的Topic(主题)动态路由模型

一、动态路由模型

topic模型中， 路由名由 . 和被其隔开的 路由名称 所组成 例如aaa.bbb.ccc， 在动态路由模式下， 通过通配符来动态的指定路由。其包含两种通配符* 和 #

1. *表示匹配一个单词
2. #表示匹配一个或多个由.隔开的单词
3. * 和 # 可以在任意位置

其匹配示例如下图

二、代码实现

①生产者：

1. 绑定通道和交换机， 声明交换机的名称和类型(不存在时创建)。
2. 通过通道，指定消息发布的交换机， 消息的路由规则，其他的配置参数以及消息本体。

public class Provider extends Thread {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        Connection connection = null;
        Channel channel = null;
        try {
            connection = RabbitMqUtil.getConnection();
            channel = connection.createChannel();

            //通道绑定交换机， 声明交换机名称和类型
            channel.exchangeDeclare("exchange-topic","topic");

            //指定交换机，路由，配置参数，消息体
            channel.basicPublish("exchange-topic","goods.phone",null,"sell phone".getBytes());
            channel.basicPublish("exchange-topic","goods.pc",null,"sell pc".getBytes());
            channel.basicPublish("exchange-topic","goods.pad",null,"sell pad".getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            RabbitMqUtil.closeChannelAndConnection(channel,connection);
        }
    }
}

②消费者

1. 通道绑定交换机， 声明交换机名称和类型
2. 通过String queue = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue() 生成临时队列并获取消息队列名称
3. 通过通道，绑定队列，交换机以及配置路由规则， 可以重复配置，和direct模式一样， 但确实没有必要。

PcCustomer代码：

public class PcCustomer extends Thread {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        Connection connection = null;
        Channel channel = null;
        
        try {
            connection = RabbitMqUtil.getConnection();
            channel = connection.createChannel();
            
            channel.exchangeDeclare("exchange-topic", "topic");

            String queue = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();

            channel.queueBind(queue, "exchange-topic", "goods.pc");
            channel.queueBind(queue, "exchange-topic", "goods.pad");

            channel.basicConsume(queue, true , new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                    System.out.println("PcCustomer 消费了：" + new String(body));
                }
            });


        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

TotalCustomer代码：

public class TotalCustomer extends Thread {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        Connection connection = null;
        Channel channel = null;
        try {
            connection = RabbitMqUtil.getConnection();
            channel  = connection.createChannel();

            channel.exchangeDeclare("exchange-topic", "topic");

            //获取临时队列
            String queue = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();

            //绑定临时队列和交换机，声明路由规则(可以同时声明多个), *号匹配1个单词， 该消费者可以消费，goods的所有子路由
            channel.queueBind(queue, "exchange-topic", "goods.*");

            //消费消息
            channel.basicConsume(queue, true , new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                    System.out.println("TotalCustomer: 消费了:"+ new String(body));
                }
            });

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Main 启动类

还是要确保消费者先于生产者启动的， 这样交换机在接受到生产者发送的消息时，不会因为没有队列关注某一路由而导致这些消息丢失。

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread pc = new PcCustomer();
        Thread total = new TotalCustomer();
        pc.start();
        total.start();

        //确定消费者先于生产者启动

        Thread.sleep(2000);
        Thread provider = new Provider();
        provider.start();
    }
}