1、NetworkInterface and InetAddress

package org.zhangmeng.test.eg_socket;

import java.net.Inet4Address;
import java.net.Inet6Address;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InterfaceAddress;
import java.net.NetworkInterface;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.Enumeration;

/***
 * InetAddress
 * 主机名必须被解析为数字型地址才能用来通信
 * 网络目标地址 ，包括主机名和数字类型地址信息。
 * 两个子类 ：Inet4Address Inet6Address
 * InetAddress 创建和访问
 *     static InetAddress[ ] getAllByName(String host) 
 *     static InetAddress getByName(String host) 
 *     static InetAddress getLocalHost()
 *     byte[] getAddress()   地址的二进制形式
 * InetAddress 字符串表示方法
 *     String toString()   ep:"hostname.example.com/192.0.2.127"  "never.example.net/2000::620:1a30:95b2 "
 *     String getHostAddress() 
 *     String getHostName() 
 *     String getCanonicalHostName()
 * InetAddress 检测属性
 *     boolean isAnyLocalAddress() 
 *     boolean isLinkLocalAddress() 
 *     boolean isLoopbackAddress() 
 *     boolean isMulticastAddress()   是否多播地址
 *     boolean isMCGlobal() 
 *     boolean isMCLinkLocal() 
 *     boolean isMCNodeLocal() 
 *     boolean isMCOrgLocal() 
 *     boolean isMCSiteLocal() 
 *     boolean isReachable(int timeout)   是否可以进行数据交换
 *     boolean isReachable(NetworkInterface netif, int ttl, int timeout)
 *
 * NetworkInterface创建，获取信息 
 * 	static Enumeration<NetworkInterface> getNetworkInterfaces()   
 * 	static NetworkInterface getByInetAddress(InetAddress addr) 
 *  static NetworkInterface getByName(String name) 
 *  Enumeration<InetAddress> getInetAddresses() 
 *  String getName()  接口的名字 ep : lo0 代表回环地址的name  
 *  String getDisplayName()
 */
public class InetAddressExample {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			//主机上的所有的网络接口
			Enumeration<NetworkInterface> networkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
			if(networkInterfaces == null){
				System.out.println("--No interfaces found--");
			}else{
				while(networkInterfaces.hasMoreElements()){
					NetworkInterface iface = networkInterfaces.nextElement();
					//接口名字
					System.out.println("Interface " + iface.getName() + ":");
					//接口相关地址
					Enumeration<InetAddress> inetAddresses = iface.getInetAddresses();
					if(!inetAddresses.hasMoreElements()){
						System.out.println("\tNo addresses for this interface");
					}else{
						//遍历接口相关地址信息
						while(inetAddresses.hasMoreElements()){
							InetAddress address = inetAddresses.nextElement();
							System.out.println("\tAddress " + (address instanceof Inet4Address ? "(v4)" : (address instanceof Inet6Address ? "(v6)" : "(?)")));
							System.out.println(":" + address.getHostAddress());
						}
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (SocketException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		String hosts[] = {"www.baidu.com"};
		for(String host : hosts){
			try{
				System.out.println(host + ":");
				InetAddress[] addressList = InetAddress.getAllByName(host);
				for(InetAddress address : addressList){
					System.out.println("\t" + address.getHostName() + "/" + address.getHostAddress());
					System.out.println(address.getCanonicalHostName());
				}
			}catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}